Temperature, water content and wet–dry cycle effects on DOC production and carbon mineralization in agricultural peat soils

Chow, Alex T.; Tanji, Kenneth K.; Gao, Suduan; Dahlgren, Randy A.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.06.005

Cited by 174 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In addition, the CO 2 formation rates were very low, although numbers of DAPI counted cells were in the same order of magnitude as in segment I. Peat sampled at areas sD1 and M decreased in CH 4 formation rates with increasing depth, similar to other peatlands (Hughes et al, 1999;van den Pol-van Dasselaar and Oenema, 1999;Chow et al, 2006). The activity of methanogenically-active peat segments was in the range as has been reported for boreal peatlands (Bergman et al, 2000;Galand et al, 2005;Metje and Frenzel, 2007;Rooney-Varga et al, 2007).…”

Section: Microbial Formation Of Co 2 and Chsupporting

confidence: 73%

Effect of peat quality on microbial greenhouse gas formation in an acidic fen

2010

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Abstract.Peatlands play an important role in the global carbon cycle and represent both an important stock of soil carbon and a substantial natural source of relevant greenhouse gases like CO 2 and CH 4 . While it is known that the quality of organic matter affects microbial degradation and mineralization processes in peatlands, the manner in which the quality of peat organic matter affects the formation of CO 2 and CH 4 remains unclear. In this study we developed a fast and simple peat quality index in order to estimate its potential greenhouse gas formation by linking the thermo-degradability of peat with potential anaerobic CO 2 and CH 4 formation rates. Peat samples were obtained at several depths (0-40 cm) at four sampling locations from an acidic fen (pH∼4.7). CO 2 and CH 4 formation rates were highly spatially variable and depended on depth, sampling location, and the composition of pyrolysable organic matter. Peat samples active in CO 2 and CH 4 formation had a quality index above 1.35, and the fraction of thermally labile pyrolyzable organic matter (comparable to easily available carbon substrates for microbial activity) obtained by thermogravimetry was above 35%. Curie-point pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry mainly identified carbohydrates and lignin as pyrolysis products in these samples, indicating that undecomposed organic matter was found in this fraction. In contrast, lipids and unspecific pyrolysis products, which indicate recalcitrant and highly decomposed organic matter, correlated significantly with lower CO 2 formation and reduced methanogenesis. Our results suggest that undecomposed organic matter is a prerequisite for CH 4 and CO 2 development in acidic fens. Furthermore, the new peat quality index should aide the estimation of potential greenhouse gas formation resulting from peatland restoration and permafrost thawing and help yield more robust models of trace gas fluxes from peatlands for climate change research.

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Section: Microbial Formation Of Co 2 and Chsupporting

confidence: 73%

Effect of peat quality on microbial greenhouse gas formation in an acidic fen

2010

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“…The impact of manufactured nanomaterials on soil microbial function was estimated using basal CO2 production (27,28) as it is an established method to determine the effects of anthropogenic chemicals on aerobic soil activity (29,30) and has been applied widely in studies of pollutants in soil (31). The implications of nanomaterials on the ability of the soil microbial community to respond to introduced substrates were evaluated using a modified substrate response protocol (30,32,33) following soil incubation with nanomaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Fullerene (C60) on a Soil Microbial Community

Tong

Bischoff

Nies

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

317

212

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The nascent state of the nanoproduct industry calls for important early assessment of environmental impacts before significant releases have occurred. Clearly, the impact of manufactured nanomaterials on key soil processes must be addressed so that an unbiased discussion concerning the environmental consequences of nanotechnology can take place. In this study, soils were treated with either 1 μg C60 g-1 soil in aqueous suspension (nC60) or 1000 μg C60 g-1 soil in granular form, a control containing equivalent tetrahydrofuran residues as generated during nC60 formation process or water and incubated for up to 180 days. Treatment effects on soil respiration, both basal and glucose-induced, were evaluated. The effects on the soil microbial community size was evaluated using total phospholipid derived phosphate. The impact on community structure was evaluated using both fatty acid profiles and following extraction of total genomic DNA, by DGGE after PCR amplification of total genomic DNA using bacterial variable V3 region targeted primers. In addition, treatment affects on soil enzymatic activities for β-glucosidase, acid-phosphatase, dehydrogenase, and urease were followed. Our observations show that the introduction of fullerene, as either C60 or nC60, has little impact on the structure and function of the soil microbial community and microbial processes.

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“…This is likely due to the reduction of microbial respiration, either because microorganisms become inactive or die (Chow et al, 2006;Degens and Sparling, 1995;Xiang et al, 2008). In addition, drying leads to the limited availability of nutrient (Franzluebbers et al, 1994;Pulleman and Tietema, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of wheat straw biochar on carbon mineralization and guidance for large-scale soil quality improvement in the coastal wetland

Sun

Wang

et al. 2014

Ecological Engineering

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a b s t r a c tTo study the effects of wheat straw and its biochar on carbon mineralization in saline soil, we investigated the changes of carbon (C) mineralization rate with different carbon sources under constant moisture (CM) and drying-rewetting (DW) cycles in a homoeothermic incubator. Six treatments including control (C), wheat straw (S+W), 300 • C wheat straw biochar (S+C 1 ), 600 • C wheat straw biochar (S+C 2 ), double 300 • C wheat straw biochar (S+2C 1 ) and combination of wheat straw and its biochar (S+W+C 1 ) were evaluated in the present study. Application wheat straw to the soil resulted in the higher release of CO 2 than that of the treatment of S+C 1 and S+C 2 . However, the CO 2 release of S+W+C 1 treatment was lower as compared to wheat straw alone, which can be ascribed to the higher adsorption of biochar for organic matter. Rewetting the dried treatments caused higher release of CO 2 than that of CM, but the cumulative C mineralization of DW was less than that of CM in all treatments. The extent of reduction between DW and CM was less pronounced in S+2C 1 and S+W+C 1 especially with increasing DW cycles. The results suggested that the flush of mineralized C in rewetting period can be partly compensate for the reduction of mineralized C during the drying period. The fact can be explained by the good adjustability of "r-strategist" microbes in rewetting period and the provision of better physical habitats by biochar. In general, the stress of DW cycles on saline soils could be effectively reduced with biochar application especially with low charred temperature biochar.

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Temperature, water content and wet–dry cycle effects on DOC production and carbon mineralization in agricultural peat soils

Cited by 174 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of peat quality on microbial greenhouse gas formation in an acidic fen

Effect of peat quality on microbial greenhouse gas formation in an acidic fen

Impact of Fullerene (C60) on a Soil Microbial Community

Effects of wheat straw biochar on carbon mineralization and guidance for large-scale soil quality improvement in the coastal wetland

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