Temperature studies on a river system in north‐east England

Boon, P. J.; Shires, S.W.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1976.tb01587.x

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Elevated overwinter temperatures, rarely falling below 4°C. Similar modifications of the seasonal temperature regime in rivers downstream of impoundments have been observed by Lavis and Smith (1972), Lehmkuhl(1972), Ward (1976a), Boon and Shires (1976) and Crisp (1977). However, the Vyrnwy data suggest that the impact of impoundment is limited to a short Brooker (1981) similarly found that water released from a direct supply reservoir had no effect on water temperature some 25 km below the impoundment.…”

Section: Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 54%

Thermal characteristics of two regulated rivers in mid‐wales, U.K.

Cowx

Young

Booth

1987

Regul. Rivers: Res. Mgmt.

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Data for three rivers in the upper Sevem catchment are examined to assess the influence of regulation strategies on the thermal characteristics. Seasonal and die1 temperature variations are markedly influence by the release discharge and the depth of withdrawal from the reservoir. The downstream influence of river regulation is confined to a relatively short reach (ca. 30 km) below the dams. Nevertheless, the control of water temperature during hot, dry summers could benefit salmon populations.

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Section: Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 54%

Thermal characteristics of two regulated rivers in mid‐wales, U.K.

Cowx

Young

Booth

1987

Regul. Rivers: Res. Mgmt.

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“…Without some cooling factor (e.g. groundwater recharge) downstream, however, reaches with increased summer temperatures are not able to shed added heat during the summer, but continue to warm according to normal stream processes Circle symbols indicate where the data plot from the ten study streams (Boon and Shiers, 1976;Vannote et al, 1980). This heat loading has the potential to maintain downstream temperatures above the range that cold-water stenotherms prefer.…”

Section: (T ) (5)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of elevated water temperature on fish and macroinvertebrate communities below small dams

Lessard

Hayes

2003

River Research & Apps

279

204

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Many studies have investigated the ecological changes that occur below dams that release cold, hypolimnetic water, but very few studies have looked at the effects of the release of warm, surface waters. The effect of small, surface release dams on downstream thermal regimes is a major habitat concern for many cold-water systems, however. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of summer temperature increases due to impoundment on downstream fish and macroinvertebrate communities in cold-water streams. We sampled fish, macroinvertebrates and habitat upstream and downstream of dams on ten rivers during the summers of 1998 and 1999. Changes in mean summer temperature downstream varied from a cooling of 1°C to an increase of more than 5°C. Increasing temperatures downstream coincided with lower densities of several cold-water fish species, specifically brown trout (Salmo trutta), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) while overall fish species richness increased downstream. Density of mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi), another cold-water species, was not related to temperature changes below the dams. Macroinvertebrates showed shifts in community composition below dams that increased temperature. This study provides information useful for determining the extent of impact of these small, surface release dams, which are abundant across the country.

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“…Then in the mid-1980s hydroelectric generation began and the flow regime changed accordingly (Table 11). It is also one of the few systems in the U.K. to have been studied extensively before impoundment, with published work on its temperature regime (Boon and Shires, 1976) and various invertebrate groups (Trichoptera-Boon, 1976a, 1979Ephemeroptera-Shires, 1976;Chironomidae-McLachlan et al, 1978;Brennan et al, 1978Brennan et al, , 1981Toscano and McLachlan, 1980). A detailed survey of Trichoptera carried out after impoundment (Boon, 1987) indicated that trichopteran species diversity was reduced downstream from the dam, mainly by a disproportionate increase in numbers of Hydropsyche siltufai.…”

Section: Invertebrate Abundance and Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of river regulation on invertebrate communities in the U.K.

Boon¹

1988

Regul. Rivers: Res. Mgmt.

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A B S T R A C TThe impact of river regulation on invertebrates has received comparatively little attention in the U.K., with most studies concentrating on the effects of impoundment. During dam construction invertebrate diversity and abundance decreases. Longer term alterations in community structure (which usually extend for a relatively short distance downstream) reflect changes in flow, substrate, temperature, and water quality. In particular adverse effects on invertebrates have been attributed to a reduction in substrate heterogeneity together with an accumulation of sediment. Responses to impoundment within and between taxonomic groups are highly variable. In general Ephemeroptera and Coleoptera are reduced. Of the Plecoptera the Perlodidae and Chloroperlidae are more likely to be adversely affected than the Nemouridae or Leuctridae. The impact of impoundment on net-spinning Trichoptera varies with reductions in some populations and enhancement in others. Simuliids are usually restricted, probably because of a lack of suitable oviposition or attachment sites. Freshets released from reservoirs increase the level of invertebrate drift. However, the full consequences of impoundment on drift, recolonization, and upstream migration have yet to be assessed. There is some evidence that modified temperature regimes cause extended egg hatching periods and alter larval growth rates but further studies are needed.Little is known of the effects of inter-river transfers on invertebrates, but it has been suggested that changes in flow velocity, water chemistry, suspended solids, and temperature together with translocation of organisms are all likely to be important. The limited information available for groundwater schemes indicates that they are not detrimental to invertebrates. Their impact, however, is dependent upon factors such as the extent and timing of flow augmentation. It is suggested that there is scope for positive management of invertebrate communities through river regulation, although at present attitudes and practices do not encourage this. Many gaps in our knowledge still remain and these are discussed in relation to future research needs. K~Y w o t w s Invertebrates irnpoundrncnt Channelization Inter-hasin transfers Benthos Drift Life-cycles I N T R O D U C T I O NOwing to industrial recession the demand for water over the past ten to fifteen years has not grown as fast as was previously predicted, a n d thus there has been a shift away from the policy of planning large reservoir schemes. Consequently there is an urgent need for ecologists to provide advice on the optimal management of existing regulation works, and this should encompass an adequate consideration of invertebrate communities as integral parts of aquatic ecosystems. However, at present much of our understanding of the way in which invertebrates respond t o river regulation has been derived from studies carried out in the United States. One of the features of preparing this review has been the notable scarcity of published information rela...

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Temperature studies on a river system in north‐east England

Cited by 26 publications

References 13 publications

Thermal characteristics of two regulated rivers in mid‐wales, U.K.

Thermal characteristics of two regulated rivers in mid‐wales, U.K.

Effects of elevated water temperature on fish and macroinvertebrate communities below small dams

The impact of river regulation on invertebrate communities in the U.K.

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