Temperature response of wheat affects final height and the timing of stem elongation under field conditions

Kronenberg, Lukas; Yates, Steven; Boer, Martin P.; Kirchgeßner, Norbert; Walter, Achim; Hund, Andreas

doi:10.1101/756700

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…To our knowledge, other studies reporting accuracy of HTFP GS30 estimates are not available. However, GS30 can also be estimated based on the dynamics of stem elongation using terrestrial laser scanning [ 12 , 13 ]. The authors found considerable genetic variation for the beginning of stem elongation (defined as the GDD at which 15% of final height was reached) with a heritability of 0.82 across three growing seasons, which perfectly fits the heritability for four replications found in this study (0.82) but is superior to the heritability for two replications (0.71).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors found considerable genetic variation for the beginning of stem elongation (defined as the GDD at which 15% of final height was reached) with a heritability of 0.82 across three growing seasons, which perfectly fits the heritability for four replications found in this study (0.82) but is superior to the heritability for two replications (0.71). Nevertheless, substantial differences exist between the study materials: While Kronenberg et al [ 12 , 13 ] examined a diverse set of approximately 330 common European winter wheat genotypes from a diverse range of breeding origin; we examined a set of 36 Swiss elite genotypes originating mainly from one single plant breeder. We therefore expect the heritability of the method developed by Kronenberg et al [ 12 , 13 ] to be lower for a genotype set that is more related to a breeding context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, substantial differences exist between the study materials: While Kronenberg et al [ 12 , 13 ] examined a diverse set of approximately 330 common European winter wheat genotypes from a diverse range of breeding origin; we examined a set of 36 Swiss elite genotypes originating mainly from one single plant breeder. We therefore expect the heritability of the method developed by Kronenberg et al [ 12 , 13 ] to be lower for a genotype set that is more related to a breeding context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adapting the method of Kronenberg et al [ 12 , 13 ] to drone images by extracting the dynamics of height development with sufficient precision would be feasible (e.g. [ 46 ]) but would have two essential consequences on measurement and processing practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remote sensing methods to estimate the growth stage (GS) beginning of stem elongation (BBCH 30, from now on referred to as GS30) [ 28 ] are rare: Kronenberg et al [ 12 , 13 ] used terrestrial laser scanning height measurements to determine 15% of final height as proxy for GS30 and reached a heritability of 0.85. Other published methods to remotely estimate the beginning of stem elongation are not known to us.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repeated Multiview Imaging for Estimating Seedling Tiller Counts of Wheat Genotypes Using Drones

et al. 2020

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Early generation breeding nurseries with thousands of genotypes in single-row plots are well suited to capitalize on high throughput phenotyping. Nevertheless, methods to monitor the intrinsically hard-to-phenotype early development of wheat are yet rare. We aimed to develop proxy measures for the rate of plant emergence, the number of tillers, and the beginning of stem elongation using drone-based imagery. We used RGB images (ground sampling distance of 3 mm pixel-1) acquired by repeated flights (≥ 2 flights per week) to quantify temporal changes of visible leaf area. To exploit the information contained in the multitude of viewing angles within the RGB images, we processed them to multiview ground cover images showing plant pixel fractions. Based on these images, we trained a support vector machine for the beginning of stem elongation (GS30). Using the GS30 as key point, we subsequently extracted plant and tiller counts using a watershed algorithm and growth modeling, respectively. Our results show that determination coefficients of predictions are moderate for plant count (R2=0.52), but strong for tiller count (R2=0.86) and GS30 (R2=0.77). Heritabilities are superior to manual measurements for plant count and tiller count, but inferior for GS30 measurements. Increasing the selection intensity due to throughput may overcome this limitation. Multiview image traits can replace hand measurements with high efficiency (85–223%). We therefore conclude that multiview images have a high potential to become a standard tool in plant phenomics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repeated Multiview Imaging for Estimating Seedling Tiller Counts of Wheat Genotypes Using Drones

et al. 2020

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Genome‐wide SNP analysis reveals an increase in adaptive genetic variation through selective breeding of coral

2020

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Marine heat waves are increasing in magnitude, duration, and frequency as a result of climate change and are the principal global driver of mortality in reef-building corals. Resilience-based genetic management may increase coral heat tolerance, but it is unclear how temperature responses are regulated at the genome level and thus how corals may adapt to warming naturally or through selective breeding. Here we combine phenotypic, pedigree, and genomic marker data from colonies sourced from a warm reef on the Great Barrier Reef reproductively 2 crossed with conspecific colonies from a cooler reef to produce combinations of warm purebreds and warm-cool hybrid larvae and juveniles. Inter-population breeding created significantly greater genetic diversity across the coral genome compared to breeding between populations and maintained diversity in key regions associated with heat tolerance and fitness.High-density genome-wide scans of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified alleles significantly associated with larval families reared at 27.5°C (87 -2,224 loci), including loci putatively associated with proteins involved in responses to heat stress (cell membrane formation, metabolism, and immune responses). Underlying genetics of these families explained 43% of PCoA multilocus variation in survival, growth, and bleaching responses at 27.5°C and 31°C at the juvenile stage. Genetic marker contribution to total variation in fitness traits (narrow-sense heritability) was high for survival but not for growth and bleaching in juveniles, with heritability of these traits being higher at 31°C relative to 27.5°C. While based on only a limited number of crosses, the mechanistic understanding presented here demonstrates that allele frequencies are affected by one generation of selective breeding, key information for the assessments of genetic intervention feasibility and modelling of reef futures.

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Genome-wide association study of lipase and esterase in wholegrain wheat flour (Triticum aestivum L.)

Wei¹,

Yates²,

Zhu³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Lipase activity is one of the main causes of the lipid rancidity in wholegrain wheat flour, leading to its short shelf life. Genetically diverse wheat germplasm offers potential for the selection of wheat cultivars with low lipase activity for stable wholegrain end use. This study evaluated 300 European wheat cultivars harvested in 2015 and 2016 on the genetic association of lipase and esterase activities in wholegrain wheat flour. Esterase and lipase activities in wholegrain flour were measured photometrically with p-nitrophenyl butyrate and p-nitrophenyl palmitate as substrates, respectively. Both enzyme activities showed wide ranges among all cultivars within each year, with differences up to 2.5-fold. The two years showed low correlations between each other, indicating a large environmental impact on the enzyme activities. Cultivars ‘Julius’ and ‘Bueno’ were suggested to be better suited for stable wholegrain products, as they had consistently low esterase and lipase activities compared to the other cultivars. A genome-wide association study revealed associations with single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes located on the high-quality wheat genome sequence of the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium. Eight and four candidate genes were tentatively proposed to be associated to esterase and lipase activity, respectively, in wholegrain flour. Our work shows esterase and lipase activities from a new perspective, that combines reverse genetics to understand the underlying causes. This study outlines the possibilities and limitations to improve lipid stability of wholegrain wheat by genomics-assisted breeding methods, thereby offering new opportunities to optimize the quality of wholegrain wheat flour and wholegrain products.

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Temperature response of wheat affects final height and the timing of stem elongation under field conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 87 publications

Repeated Multiview Imaging for Estimating Seedling Tiller Counts of Wheat Genotypes Using Drones

Repeated Multiview Imaging for Estimating Seedling Tiller Counts of Wheat Genotypes Using Drones

Genome‐wide SNP analysis reveals an increase in adaptive genetic variation through selective breeding of coral

Genome-wide association study of lipase and esterase in wholegrain wheat flour (Triticum aestivum L.)

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