Temperature‐regulated mRNA accumulation and stabilization for fatty acid desaturase genes in the cyanobacterium <i>Synechococcus</i> sp. strain PCC 7002

Sakamoto, Toshio; Bryant, Donald A.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.3071676.x

Cited by 99 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Three acyl-lipid desaturases, encoded by desA (⌬12), desB (⌬15), and desC (⌬9), have been shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of the unsaturated fatty acids observed in Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002 (20)(21)(22). Two additional genes are predicted to encode uncharacterized desaturases, desE (SYNPCC7002_A2833) and desF (SYNPCC7002_A1989).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Desaturase Gene Involved in the Formation of 1,14-Nonadecadiene in Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7002

Mendez-Perez

Herman

Pfleger

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002 synthesizes two alkenes, 1-nonadecene and 1,14-nonadecadiene. Whereas the genetic basis for the biosynthesis of the terminal double bond in both alkenes has been characterized, the origin of the internal double bond in 1,14-nonadecadiene has not. In this study, we demonstrate that a gene encoding an uncharacterized desaturase is involved in the formation of the internal double bond of 1,14-nonadecadiene. Further, at low temperatures, the desaturase gene is essential for growth, and in wild-type cells the levels of 1,14-nonadecadiene increase relative to that of cells grown at 38°C. These data suggest that 1,14-nonadecadiene plays a role in responding to cold stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Desaturase Gene Involved in the Formation of 1,14-Nonadecadiene in Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7002

Mendez-Perez

Herman

Pfleger

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…It is very likely that PMM1670 to PMM1672 are driven by one and the same bidirectional promoter, which would explain their similar expression patterns. The expression of fatty acid desaturases is induced during both cold acclimation and light induction in other cyanobacteria (27,47), presumably because photosynthetic activity is strongly decreased under both conditions (27). One mechanism by which cells compensate for this reduction in photosynthetic activity is the manipulation of the glycerolipid unsaturation level of their thylakoid membranes through the activity of these desaturases (27).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Analysis of Light Sensing inProchlorococcus

et al. 2006

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Prochlorococcus MED4 has, with a total of only 1,716 annotated protein-coding genes, the most compact genome of a free-living photoautotroph. Although light quality and quantity play an important role in regulating the growth rate of this organism in its natural habitat, the majority of known light-sensing proteins are absent from its genome. To explore the potential for light sensing in this phototroph, we measured its global gene expression pattern in response to different light qualities and quantities by using high-density Affymetrix microarrays. Though seven different conditions were tested, only blue light elicited a strong response. In addition, hierarchical clustering revealed that the responses to high white light and blue light were very similar and different from that of the lower-intensity white light, suggesting that the actual sensing of high light is mediated via a blue-light receptor. Bacterial cryptochromes seem to be good candidates for the blue-light sensors. The existence of a signaling pathway for the redox state of the photosynthetic electron transport chain was suggested by the presence of genes that responded similarly to red and blue light as well as genes that responded to the addition of DCMU [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-N-N-dimethylurea], a specific inhibitor of photosystem II-mediated electron transport.The acclimation of plants and phototrophic microorganisms to the ambient light climate is crucial for survival. All photosynthetic organisms respond to changes in light, including changes in light quantity and quality, i.e., wavelength, by regulating their gene expression. Adaptations to light color detection involve red-light (RL)-, green-light (GL)-, and blue-light (BL)-absorbing receptors, such as phytochromes, cryptochromes, rhodopsins, and xanthopsins (16). Photoreceptors are common to both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, playing important roles in processes such as phototaxis, circadian regulation, and the regulation of flavonoid and alkaloid synthesis (13,17,50).Prochlorococcus is a marine oxyphotobacterium that thrives in the vast oligotrophic gyres of the open ocean between 40°N and 40°S. In these areas, it numerically dominates the phytoplankton, accounting for up to 50% of the total chlorophyll (40, 51). Light appears to have been one of the most important environmental factors driving the speciation and adaptation of Prochlorococcus (36). In the natural environment, Prochlorococcus cells occur from the water surface down to about 200 m (39), experiencing differences in light intensity of over 4 orders of magnitude and a strong spectral shift from white light (WL) to blue light with increasing depth. The ability to grow over this broad range of light intensities is attributed, in part, to the existence of distinct "ecotypes" that have different light optima for growth and different relative abundances with depth in the ocean (1, 9, 24, 53, 56) and constitute distinct phylogenetic clades (24,35,38,44,52).Little is known about photoreceptor-mediated light regulation in Prochloroco...

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“…The enzyme ∆9-acyl-CoA desaturase plays an essential role in HVA by increasing the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in cell membranes and is expressed at low temperatures in fish (Tiku et al 1996), bacteria (Sakamoto and Bryant, 1997) …”

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confidence: 99%

How insects survive the cold: molecular mechanisms—a review

2008

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Insects vary considerably in their ability to survive low temperatures. The tractability of these organisms to experimentation has lead to considerable physiology-based work investigating both the variability between species and the actual mechanisms themselves. This has highlighted a range of strategies including freeze tolerance, freeze avoidance, protective dehydration and rapid cold hardening, which are often associated with the production of specific chemicals such as antifreezes and polyol cryoprotectants. But we are still far from identifying the critical elements behind overwintering success and how some species can regularly survive temperatures below -20°C. Molecular biology is the most recent tool to be added to the insect physiologist's armoury. With the public availability of the genome sequence of model insects such as Drosophila and the production of custom-made molecular resources, such as EST libraries and microarrays, we are now in a position to start dissecting the molecular mechanisms behind some of these well-characterised physiological responses. This review aims to provide a state of the art snapshot of the molecular work currently being conducted into insect cold tolerance and the very interesting preliminary results from such studies, which provide great promise for the future.

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Temperature‐regulated mRNA accumulation and stabilization for fatty acid desaturase genes in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002

Cited by 99 publications

References 58 publications

A Desaturase Gene Involved in the Formation of 1,14-Nonadecadiene in Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7002

A Desaturase Gene Involved in the Formation of 1,14-Nonadecadiene in Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7002

Genome-Wide Analysis of Light Sensing inProchlorococcus

How insects survive the cold: molecular mechanisms—a review

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