Temperature-Insensitive Interferometer Using a Highly Birefringent Photonic Crystal Fiber Loop Mirror

Abstract

Utilizing the high birefringence and the low-temperature coefficient of birefringence of the highly birefringent photonic crystal fiber (HiBi-PCF), a temperature-insensitive interferometer made from a HiBi-PCF fiber loop mirror (FLM) is achieved. For the wavelength spacing of 0.43 nm, a wavelength spacing variation with temperature of only 0.05 pm/ C, and a transmission peak shift of 0.3 pm/ C is demonstrated. The stability of the FLM is improved dramatically when it uses a HiBi-PCF, as compared to FLMs using conventional HiBi fibers. Index Terms-Fiber loop mirror (FLM), highly birefringent photonic crystal fiber (HiBi-PCF), interferometer.

High-Birefringent Fiber Loop Mirror Sensors: New Developments

“…Breakthrough of Hi-Bi FLM configurations 1997 Temperature sensor ; temperature sensing in NIR ; strain sensor (Campbell et al, 1997(Campbell et al, ) 1999 Strain sensor (Campbell et al, 1999) 2004 Temperature PCF sensor (Kim, D. H. & Kang, 2004); temperature insensitivity using PCF (Zhao et al, 2004(Zhao et al, ) 2005 Interrogation system using PCF (Yang et al, 2005); displacement sensor (Liu et al, 2005) 2006 Liquid level sensor (Dong, B. et al, 2006); FBG interrogation system ; LPG/Hi-Bi FLM (Frazao et al, 2006b) 2007 Review of Hi-Bi FLM sensors (Frazao et al, 2007a); strain PCF sensor (Dong, X. Y. et al, 2007;Frazao et al, 2007b) ; chemical etching (Frazao et al, 2007c); concatenated FLM (Frazao et al, 2007d) 2008 Temperature Erbium Hi-Bi fiber (Frazao et al, 2008a); refractive index sensor (Frazao et al, 2008b); multiparameter sensor using side-hole fiber (Frazao et al, 2008c); pressure PCF sensor (Fu et al, 2008); FBG/Hi-Bi FLM (Zhou et al, 2008); current sensor (Marques et al, 2008) 2009 Multiplexing Hi-Bi FLM (Fu et al, 2009); strain and temperature discrimination using two Hi-Bi fibers ); hollow-core PCF sensor (Kim, G. et al, 2009); holey fiber filled with metal indium (Kim, B. H. et al, 2009) 2010 Torsion PCF sensor ; curvature PCF sensor (Gong et al, 2010); pressure-induced SMF ; long distance remote interrogation system (Lee et al, 2010); small core PCF (Andre et al, 2010); intensity strain sensor (Qian et al, 2010); suspended twin-core ; displacement PCF sensor 2011 Hi-Bi FLM with an output port probe ; LPG/Sagnac Loop (Kang et al, 2011); curvature PCF sensor (Hwang et al, 2011); Hi-Bi photonic bandgap Bragg fiber …”

“…A temperature insensitive Hi-Bi FLM using a photonic crystal fiber was demonstrated. For low-temperatures (25ºC to 85ºC), a wavelength spacing variation of 0.05 pm/ºC was achieved (Zhao et al, 2004).…”

Long-period gratings based on Photonics crystal fibers and applications

“…This property can be utilized to obtain temperature-insensitive PCFbased devices, as demonstrated in [14]. However, the single material property of PCFs leads to non-photosensitivity to UV light, therefore FBGs and LPGs cannot normally be formed in PCFs by use of the conventional UV-written technique, unless a PCF with a Ge-doped photosensitive core is used [26].…”

“…Fiber loop mirrors (FLMs) have been demonstrated for a number of applications, for example wavelength filters and sensors [14,15,50]. In a FLM, two interfering waves counter-propagate through the same fiber, and are exposed to the same environment.…”

Development of a Ultra Broadband Optical Coupler Based on a Photonic Crsytal Fiber

“…을 갖는 광소자의 재료로 주목 받아 왔으며, 그 결과 고 복 굴절 광자결정 광섬유 루프 미러, supercontinuum 광원, 모드 결합을 이용한 광자 결정 광섬유 소자 와 같은 광자결정 광 섬유 기반의 소자들이 활발히 개발되어 왔다 [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . 광자결정 광섬유는 실리카 코어 주변에 공기층이 주기적으로 분포해 있는 구조로 주기적인 공기층의 분포로 인하여 발생하는 photonic bandgap 효과를 이용하여 빛을 코어로 진행 시킨다.…”