Temperature‐induced changes of survival, development and yolk partitioning in Chondrostoma nasus

Abstract

Fertilized Chondrostoma nasus eggs were incubated at 10, 13, 16 and 19 C until full resorption of the yolk sac. High survival was observed at 10-16 C (89-92% at the onset of external feeding), whereas at 19 C survival was depressed (76%). The time at which 5, 50 and 95% of individuals had hatched, filled the swim bladder, ingested the first food and fully resorbed the yolk sac was determined. An increase in temperature accelerated development and made it more synchronous. Within the period from fertilization to hatching embryonic development was theoretically arrested (t 0 dev ) at 8·8 C, and growth was arrested (t 0 gr ) at 8·86 C. For the whole endogenous feeding period (from fertilization to full yolk resorption) the amount of matter transformed into tissue was temperature independent between 10 and 19 C. Respiration increased exponentially with age; the respiration increase was faster at higher temperatures, but, in general, metabolic expenditures of C. nasus were low. As a consequence, the efficiency of utilizing yolk energy for growth was high as compared with other fish species (57% during the whole endogenous feeding period); it was temperature independent. However, time was used less efficiently at low temperatures, increasing a risk of predation. Within the endogenous feeding period a shift from lower to higher temperatures for optimal yolk utilization efficiency was observed. The temperatures optimal for survival and energetic performance seem to be 13-16 C for egg incubation and 15-18 C for rearing of yolk-feeding larvae. Chondrostoma nasus is a potential candidate for aquaculture for restocking purposes. 1998 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

Synthesis of thermal tolerances of the common freshwater fish species in large Western Europe rivers

“…Herzig and Winkler (1986) established an equation linking the period of incubation (D in days, 50% of hatches) to temperature (T in°C): D = 1258/(T -2.62) 1.994 or, 23.1 days at 10°C and 5.8 days at 17°C, the range of validity of the equation. For the larvae, the optimum temperature lies between 15°C (Kamler et al, 1998;Penáz, 1974ain Schiemer et al, 2003 on the Danube) and 25°C (Keckeis et al, 2001;Schiemer et al, 2004). The maximum tolerated is on the order of 28°C (Penáz, 1974ain Schiemer et al, 2003 on the Danube; Schiemer et al, 2003;Spurny et al, 2004 in Wolnicki andGorni, 1994), a datum found in two articles (Wolnicki and Gorni, 1994;Schiemer et al, 2003).…”

“…In view of fishing results on the Rhône, Ginot et al (1996) establish optimum temperatures for nase juveniles between 7°C and 27°C. It seems more realistic to put these temperatures within a more limited range, comparable to that for the embryo, between 15°C and 25°C (Kamler et al, 1998;Penáz, 1974bin Schiemer et al, 2003Teletchea et al, 2009b). Bruslé and Quignard (2001) are the only authors to define thermal tolerance thresholds for the adult: they consider that the range of temperatures within which the adult feeds is between 4°C and 24°C.…”

“…The extreme temperatures tolerated are, for the most part, estimated between 8°C (Prokes and Penáz, 1978;Kamler et al, 1998) and19°C (Schiemer et al, 2004) with one lethal temperature put by Kamler et al (1998in Kamler, 2002 at 20°C. Herzig and Winkler (1986) established an equation linking the period of incubation (D in days, 50% of hatches) to temperature (T in°C): D = 1258/(T -2.62) 1.994 or, 23.1 days at 10°C and 5.8 days at 17°C, the range of validity of the equation.…”

Early development and allometric growth patterns of rheophilic cyprinid common dace Leuciscus leuciscus (Cyprinidae: Leuciscinae)

“…At other temperatures, the individuals that left the egg membranes usually show less advanced ontogenic development (Kokurewicz 1969(Kokurewicz , 1970Kupren et al 2011). The reason for faster hatching of embryos at higher temperatures is their increased mobility in warmer water and earlier excretion of the hatching enzyme (Blaxter 1969(Blaxter , 1992Kamler 1992;Kamler et al 1998;Korwin-Kossakowski 2012).…”

Movement patterns and rheoreaction of larvae of a fluvial specialist (nase, Chondrostoma nasus): the role of active versus passive components of behaviour in dispersal

“…Adults undertake spawning migrations into smaller tributaries or to gravel bars with swift currents for up to several dozen kilometres (Keckeis et al 1996;Peň áz 1996). After the period of yolk-sac depletion during which larvae exhibit a benthic life style (usually 4 to 7 dph; Keckeis et al 1996;Kamler et al 1998), larvae and early juveniles commonly disperse downstream from spawning sites to low-flowing inshore areas where they feed on small invertebrates (Kamler and Keckeis 2000;Reichard et al 2001).…”