Temperature-independent optical filter at 1.55 [micro sign]m wavelength using a silica-based athermal waveguide

Kimura, Yasuo; Yoneda, Shigeru; Matsuura, Shinnosuke

doi:10.1049/el:19980245

Cited by 60 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, the required electrical power and the number of I/O lines ultimately limit integration density. Passive thermo-optic compensation of silica photonic devices by a negative thermo-optic polymer cladding (PMMA) was first reported by Kokubun et al [2][3][4]. Lee et al [5,6] have extended the application of compensating polymer claddings to silicon ring resonators and have exhibited significant thermo-optic compensation to a TDWS of 2pm/K.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Athermal operation of Silicon waveguides: spectral, second order and footprint dependencies

Raghunathan¹,

Ye²,

Juejun³

et al. 2010

Opt. Express

108

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Abstract:We report the design criteria and performance of Si ring resonators for passive athermal applications in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). The waveguide design rules address i) positivenegative thermo-optic (TO) composite structures, ii) resonant wavelength dependent geometry to achieve constant confinement factor ( Γ ), and iii) observation of small residual second order effects. We develop exact design requirements for a temperature dependent resonant wavelength shift (TDWS) of 0 pm/K and present prototype TDWS performance of 0.5pm/K. We evaluate the materials selection tradeoffs between high-index contrast (HIC) and low-index contrast (LIC) systems and show, remarkably, that FSR and footprint become comparable under the constraint of athermal design.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Athermal operation of Silicon waveguides: spectral, second order and footprint dependencies

Raghunathan¹,

Ye²,

Juejun³

et al. 2010

Opt. Express

108

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“…Several ways to athermalize waveguide devices, so that they can be used without active temperature control, have previously been shown [1,2,3]. Here, we will show that using slot-waveguides and taking advantage of the opposite polarity of the Thermo-Optic Coefficients (TOCs) of the core and the liquid top cladding, an athermal waveguide can be designed without sacrificing the high refractive index sensitivity achievable with slot waveguides [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…For the evaluation of the waveguides, their group index n g is a key property. Using the values of ∂n eff /∂λ obtained from simulations of n eff at different wavelengths and the formula n g = n eff − ∂n eff ∂λ (2) we calculated the expected values for guide group indices, cf. Table 2.…”

Section: Athermal Slot-waveguide Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the temperature sensitivity of SOI waveguide-based biosensors

2012

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Label-free photonic biosensors fabricated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) can provide compact size, high evanescent field strength at the silicon waveguide surface, and volume fabrication potential. However, due to the large thermo optic coefficient of water-based biosamples, the sensors are temperature-sensitive. Consequently, active temperature control is usually used. However, for low cost applications, active temperature control is often not feasible.Here, we use the opposite polarity of the thermo-optic coefficients of silicon and water to demonstrate a photonic slot waveguide with a distribution of power between sample and silicon that aims to give athermal operation in water.Based on simulations, we made three waveguide designs close to the athermal point, and asymmetric integrated MachZehnder interferometers for their characterization. The devices were fabricated on SOI with a 220 nm device layer and 2 µm buried oxide, by electron beam lithography of hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) resist, and etching in a Cl 2 /HBr/O 2 /He plasma. With Cargile 50350 fused silica matching oil as top cladding, the group index of the three guides varies from 1.9 to 2.8 at 1550 nm. The temperature sensitivity of the devices varied from -70 to -160 pm/K under the same conditions. A temperature sensitivity of -2 pm/K is projected with water as top cladding.

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“…In Si Photonic devices this can be done either by special MZI or microring assisted MZI designs [12][13][14][15][16], or through utilizing a hybrid material approach by incorporating negative thermo-optic coefficient (TOC) materials as cladding layers. In the latter, the first athermal silica photonic devices were demonstrated using polymers in the O and C band [17][18][19]. This hybrid polymer/silica approach inspired others to extend this work to silicon photonics platform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Athermal silicon optical add-drop multiplexers based on thermo-optic coefficient tuning of sol-gel material

Namnabat¹,

Kim²,

Jones³

et al. 2017

Opt. Express

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Silicon photonics has gained interest for its potential to provide higher efficiency, bandwidth and reduced power consumption compared to electrical interconnects in datacenters and high performance computing environments. However, it is well known that silicon photonic devices suffer from temperature fluctuations due to silicon's high thermo-optic coefficient and therefore, temperature control in many applications is required. Here we present an athermal optical add-drop multiplexer fabricated from ring resonators. We used a sol-gel inorganic-organic hybrid material as an alternative to previously used materials such as polymers and titanium dioxide. In this work we studied the thermal curing parameters of the sol-gel and their effect on thermal wavelength shift of the rings. With this method, we were able to demonstrate a thermal shift down to -6.8 pm/℃ for transverse electric (TE) polarization in ring resonators with waveguide widths of 325 nm when the sol-gel was cured at 130℃ for 10.5 hours. We also achieved thermal shifts below 1 pm/℃ for transverse magnetic (TM) polarization in the C band under different curing conditions. Curing time compared to curing temperature shows to be the most important factor to control sol-gel's thermo-optic value in order to obtain an athermal device in a wide temperature range.

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Temperature-independent optical filter at 1.55 [micro sign]m wavelength using a silica-based athermal waveguide

Cited by 60 publications

References 3 publications

Athermal operation of Silicon waveguides: spectral, second order and footprint dependencies

Athermal operation of Silicon waveguides: spectral, second order and footprint dependencies

Reducing the temperature sensitivity of SOI waveguide-based biosensors

Athermal silicon optical add-drop multiplexers based on thermo-optic coefficient tuning of sol-gel material

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