Temperature for Broilers

Charles, David

doi:10.1079/wps19860019

Cited by 34 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…As reported in the literature, heat-exposed chickens showed decreased growth [3,8,13,17]. Moreover, the reduction in growth was greater than the reduction in feed intake, resulting in increased feed to gain ratio, in agreement with previous data [1,15,17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Des prélèvements de tissus réalisés à 5-6 semaines montrent des effets différents de la chaleur selon les muscles : à 32 °C, la proportion de muscle Pectoralis major ( [6]. Heat exposure decreases feed consumption in order to reduce metabolic heat production and maintain homeothermy, and also leads to a lower weight gain [3,8,13,17]. Compared with pair-fed birds exposed to thermoneutrality, heat-exposed chickens still exhibit slower growth and decreased feed efficiency [ 14,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of chronic heat exposure and protein intake on growth performance, nitrogen retention and muscle development in broiler chickens

Temim¹,

Chagneau²,

Guillaumin³

et al. 1999

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-The respective effects of ambient temperature, dietary crude protein and feed intake were investigated in finishing chickens and the consequence of protein supplementation under high temperature conditions was analysed in particular. Heat-related reduction in growth was associated with decreased nitrogen retention (-30 or -35 % according to the diet), which could not be explained by the observed lower feed intake alone. Tissue samples performed in 5-to 6-week-old chicks showed varying effects of heat according to the muscles studied: at 32 °C, the proportion of Pectoralis major muscle (in percentage of body weight) appeared slightly reduced (reduction lower than 10 %), whereas the proportion of two leg muscles were increased (+10 to +15 S % for the Sartorius muscle; +5 % for the gastrocnemius muscle). At 32 °C, providing a high protein diet significantly (P < 0.05) increased weight gain and feed efficiency, and slightly improved whole body protein deposition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic heat exposure and protein intake on growth performance, nitrogen retention and muscle development in broiler chickens

Temim¹,

Chagneau²,

Guillaumin³

et al. 1999

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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“…Similar results were observed for feed:gain, except that the cyclic temperature resulted in feed:gain that was superior to that of the constant temperature at the low air velocity for 21 to 35 d. Conflicting results have been reported on the effects of cyclic temperatures compared with constant temperatures, and the results of the present study are similar to some previous reports. See Charles (1986) for an excellent review. Increasing the air velocity improved weight gains for both treatment periods and temperature regimens and improved feed:gain for the 35 to 49-d period, but not for the 21 to 35-d period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of air velocity on broiler performance and feed and water consumption

2000

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Two trials were conducted to determine the effect of air velocity on feed and water consumption at a constant temperature of 27 C and a daily cyclic temperature of 22-32-22 C. Air velocity over the broilers was <15 or 120 m/min. These temperature and air velocity treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design in eight environmental chambers, with two replications of each treatment. The air velocity treatments were applied,

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“…The effects of HS on performance in domestic fowl are frequently investigated, and the results have been carefully reviewed by many researchers (Charles, 1986;Mitchell and Carlisle, 1992;Mahmoud and Yaseen, 2005). Broiler chickens are very susceptible to high environmental temperatures because they lack sweat glands and have a high metabolic rate (Geraert et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Replacement of Dietary Methionine with Betaine and Choline in Heat-Stressed Broiler Chickens

2018

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We conducted two trials to evaluate the methionine-sparing effects of choline (Chol) and betaine (Bet), and their effects on growth performance and blood antioxidative potential in heat-stressed broiler chickens fed methionine (Met)-deficient diets. We used 360 1-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) in a completely randomized study with 5 replicate pens of 12 birds each. After Day 21, we raised the temperature to 35±3℃ using an automated air-forced heater for 12 hours/day from 8 am to 8 pm to expose the birds to heat stress. In Trial 1, the treatments comprised a negative control (control-; 1200 mg/kg Met-deficient), a positive control (control+; recommended level of Met), 280Chol (control-plus 280 mg/kg Chol), 560Chol (control-plus 560 mg/kg Chol), 320Bet (control-plus 320 mg/kg Bet), and 640Bet (control-plus 640 mg/kg Bet); and in Trial 2, the treatments comprised a negative control (control-), a positive control (control+), 140Chol+160Bet (control-plus 140 mg/kg Chol and 160 mg/kg Bet), 280Chol+160Bet (controlplus 280 mg/kg Chol and 160 mg/kg Bet), 140Chol+320Bet (control-plus 140 mg/kg Chol and 320 mg/kg Bet), and 280Chol+320Bet (control-plus 280 mg/kg Chol and 320 mg/kg Bet). Compared with the other treatments, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved in the 280Chol and control+ groups in Trials 1 and 2 (P＜0.05). In Trial 2, the cost of meat production for the entire experimental period (1-42 days) was higher in the 140Cho+320Bet-fed birds than in the other birds (P＜0.05), except the control-birds. Supplementing diets with 280 mg/kg of Chol significantly reduced the serum concentration of uric acid compared with the control+ group (P＜0.05). Our results indicate that the Met requirements of heat-stressed broiler chickens can be reduced by 20% (1200 mg/kg) if the diet is supplemented with 280 mg/kg of Chol.

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Temperature for Broilers

Cited by 34 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of chronic heat exposure and protein intake on growth performance, nitrogen retention and muscle development in broiler chickens

Effects of chronic heat exposure and protein intake on growth performance, nitrogen retention and muscle development in broiler chickens

The effect of air velocity on broiler performance and feed and water consumption

Partial Replacement of Dietary Methionine with Betaine and Choline in Heat-Stressed Broiler Chickens

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