Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe

van der Woude, Auke M.; Peters, Wouter; Joetzjer, Emilie; Lafont, Sébastien; Koren, Gerbrand; Ciais, Philippe; Ramonet, Michel; Xu, Yidi; Bastos, Ana; Botía, Santiago; Sitch, Stephen; de Kok, Remco; Kneuer, Tobias; Kubistin, Dagmar; Jacotot, Adrien; Loubet, Benjamin; Herig-Coimbra, Pedro-Henrique; Loustau, Denis; Luijkx, Ingrid T.

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-41851-0

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…For instance, air temperature above 40°C that were largely absent from France in the past, will become more frequent in the future. These extreme temperatures disrupt the photosynthetic machinery of plants that have not developed adaptation mechanism to these heat stresses (Teskey et al 2014) and lead to reduced productivity (van der Woude et al 2023).…”

Section: Effect Of Climate Change On the Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turning point in forest productivity revealed from 40 years of national forest inventory data

Hertzog,

Bontemps,

Piedallu

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Global changes, such as changing climate or disruption in biogeochemical cycles, are affecting forest productivity worldwide. Trends in productivity are depending on the focal spatial scale and on the considered time window, stable trends at large spatial scale can mask divergence at smaller scale while short time windows limit the capacity to reveal non-linear trends such as turning points. Capitalizing on 40 years of national forest inventory data from more than 100 tree species we explored trends in forest productivity at the regional level across 4 biogeographical regions. We fitted two classes of models, a first one explicitly estimating temporal trends and a second one including no temporal components but climatic variables reflecting changing temperature and water availability. We find a decrease in productivity in 95% of the regions and a high contrast in trend shapes between regions over the period studied: lowland regions with average temperature above 11.9 degC showed linear negative trends in productivity since 1985 while colder lowland regions showed hump-shaped trends with turning points between 1985 and 2005, followed by declines in productivity. In mountainous regions, average climate did not appear to be a strong mediator of trend shapes. The temporal trends were reconstituted with high fidelity from the model including only climatic variables implying that changes in temperature and water availability are likely drivers of the reported trends. These results illustrate the progression during the last decades of the adverse effects of climate change on forest productivity over the European forests. They suggest the expected changes over the 21st century that will put further pressure on forest productivity, impacting forest carbon sink potential and reducing sustainable rate of timber extraction.

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Section: Effect Of Climate Change On the Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turning point in forest productivity revealed from 40 years of national forest inventory data

Hertzog,

Bontemps,

Piedallu

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…10). Although it might be the first sign of the consequences of the European emission control measures (Mcgrath et al, 2023) decreasing the winter peaks, and the decreasing summer biospheric uptake due to the declining environmental conditions including more frequent heatwaves and prolonged droughts (Bastos et al, 2020;Ramonet et al, 2020;van der Woude et al, 2023), it cannot be stated with certainty at this stage, however, it is worth keeping an eye on the progress.…”

Section: Seasonal Variations Of Carbon Dioxide Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-decadal atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements in Central Europe, Hungary

Haszpra

2024

Preprint

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Abstract. The paper reviews and evaluates a 30-year-long atmospheric CO2 data series measured at Hegyhátsál tall-tower greenhouse gas monitoring site, a member of WMO GAW, NOAA, and ICOS networks (id. code: HUN). The paper also gives the technical description of the monitoring system, and that of the physical environment of the station. This low elevation (248 m above m.s.l.), mid-continental Central European site shows a 3.90±0.83 µmol mol‑1 offset relative to the latitudinally representative marine boundary layer reference concentration presumably due to the European net anthropogenic emissions. The long-term trend (2.20 µmol mol‑1 year‑1) closely follows the global tendencies. In the concentration growth rate, the ENSO effect is clearly detectable with a 6–7 months lag-time. The summer diurnal concentration amplitude is slightly decreasing due to the faster-than-average increase of the nighttime concentrations, which is related to the warming climate. The warming climate also caused a 0.96±0.41 day year‑1 advance in the beginning of the summer CO2-deficit season in the first half of the measurement period, which did not continue later.

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“…In Italy, the summers of 2003, 2017 and 2022 with exceptional temperatures which combined with persistent soil water deficits, resulted into extreme impacts on vegetation productivity (Faranda et al, 2023;Rita et al, 2020;Trucchia et al, 2022). The exceptional drought of the summer 2022, affecting central and south-eastern Europe, caused a reduction of the net biosphere uptake in summer between 56 and 62 TgC over the drought area (van der Woude et al, 2023). While different studies have investigated the role of water and heat stress on GEE in southern Europe (Ermitão et al, 2021;Gilabert et al, 2015;Gouveia et al, 2017;Rita et al, 2020), changes in the net ecosystem exchange remains highly uncertain due to manuscript submitted to Global Biogeochemical Cycles complex dependencies from heat and drought episodes on ecosystem respiration R ECO (Reichstein et al, 2013;von Buttlar et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat and drought events alter biogenic capacity to balance CO2 budget in south-western Europe

Segura,

Lauvaux,

Lian

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Heat and drought events are increasing in frequency and intensity, posing significant risks to natural and agricultural areas with uncertain effects on the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE). We modified the Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model to include soil moisture impacts on the gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) and respiration (RECO) fluxes and determine the temporal variability of NEE over south-western Europe for 2001-2022. Warming temperatures lengthen growing seasons causing an increase in GEE which is mostly compensated by a similar increment in RECO, resulting in a modest annual increase of net carbon sink of 0.80 gC/m2year but with high spatial and annual variability. The heatwave of 2022 reduced NEE by 78.5 TgC, a 27% decrease from the mean. The interannual variability is more influenced by drought in temperate humid regions than in Mediterranean semi-arid regions. These results emphasize the vulnerability of the net carbon sink as drying trends could revert the NEE trends, as it is happening for croplands in the French Central Massif.

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Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe

Cited by 27 publications

References 75 publications

Turning point in forest productivity revealed from 40 years of national forest inventory data

Turning point in forest productivity revealed from 40 years of national forest inventory data

Multi-decadal atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements in Central Europe, Hungary

Heat and drought events alter biogenic capacity to balance CO2 budget in south-western Europe

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