Temperature effects on parasite prevalence in a natural hybrid complex

Schoebel, Corine N.; Tellenbach, Christoph; Spaak, Piet; Wolinska, Justyna

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2010.0616

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Daphnia genotype‐dependent temperature‐sensitivity of Caullerya infections was previously shown in a laboratory study (Schoebel et al. ). However, the results were contradictory with the present data, since five out of six clones were more strongly infected at 12°C than at 20°C (Schoebel et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Cyanobacteria facilitate parasite epidemics in Daphnia

Tellenbach

Tardent

Pomati

et al. 2016

Ecology

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The seasonal dominance of cyanobacteria in the phytoplankton community of lake ecosystems can have severe implications for higher trophic levels. For herbivorous zooplankton such as Daphnia, cyanobacteria have poor nutritional value and some species can produce toxins affecting zooplankton survival and reproduction. Here, we present another, hitherto largely unexplored aspect of cyanobacteria, namely that they can increase Daphnia susceptibility to parasites. In a 12-year monthly time-series analysis of the Daphnia community in Greifensee (Switzerland) we observed that cyanobacteria density correlated significantly with the epidemics of a common gut parasite of Daphnia, Caullerya mesnili, regardless of what cyanobacteria species was present or whether it was colonial or filamentous. The temperature from the previous month also affected the occurrence of Caullerya epidemics, either directly or indirectly by the promotion of cyanobacterial growth. A laboratory experiment confirmed that cyanobacteria increase the susceptibility of Daphnia to Caullerya, and suggested a possible involvement of cyanotoxins or other chemical traits of cyanobacteria in this process. These findings expand our understanding of the consequences of toxic cyanobacterial blooms for lake ecosystems and might be relevant for epidemics experienced by other aquatic species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Cyanobacteria facilitate parasite epidemics in Daphnia

Tellenbach

Tardent

Pomati

et al. 2016

Ecology

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“…Therefore, it is not possible to predict the strength and exact direction of parasite selective pressure on any given host genotype from one environment to another. The influence of the thermal environment on host genotype-specific susceptibility to disease has been shown in a number of invertebrate-parasite systems [6], [10], [11], [49] and in vascular plants [50]. Context dependency of the host genotype-specific response to infection (GxE interactions) may contribute to the observed high level of genetic diversity in natural Asterionella populations [31] under the pre-condition that different host genotypes vary in their susceptibility to infection under different environments (as found in this study).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the specific temperature effects on host-parasite interactions are diverse. Depending on parasite physiology, lower temperatures can increase parasite infectivity [10], decrease disease severity [11] or halt infection altogether [12]. The relationship between temperature and parasite infectivity is of specific interest in fungal diseases which have been recognized an emerging infectious disease threat [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Alters Host Genotype-Specific Susceptibility to Chytrid Infection

et al. 2013

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The cost of parasitism often depends on environmental conditions and host identity. Therefore, variation in the biotic and abiotic environment can have repercussions on both, species-level host-parasite interaction patterns but also on host genotype-specific susceptibility to disease. We exposed seven genetically different but concurrent strains of the diatom Asterionella formosa to one genotype of its naturally co-occurring chytrid parasite Zygorhizidium planktonicum across five environmentally relevant temperatures. We found that the thermal tolerance range of the tested parasite genotype was narrower than that of its host, providing the host with a “cold” and “hot” thermal refuge of very low or no infection. Susceptibility to disease was host genotype-specific and varied with temperature level so that no genotype was most or least resistant across all temperatures. This suggests a role of thermal variation in the maintenance of diversity in disease related traits in this phytoplankton host. The duration and intensity of chytrid parasite pressure on host populations is likely to be affected by the projected changes in temperature patterns due to climate warming both through altering temperature dependent disease susceptibility of the host and, potentially, through en- or disabling thermal host refugia. This, in turn may affect the selective strength of the parasite on the genetic architecture of the host population.

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“…This is potentially mediated by the effects of temperature variability on pathogen emergence, development time, or transmission dynamics (Hernandez, Poole, & Cattadori, ; Karvonen, Rintamaki, Jokela, & Valtonen, ; Lafferty, ; Macnab & Barber, ; Paull & Johnson, ; Studer & Poulin, ), or differences in thermal tolerance ranges of host and pathogen species (Altizer et al., ; Lafferty & Kuris, ). If the thermal tolerance range of the host is broader than that of the pathogen, extreme hot or cold temperatures may provide a thermal refuge, where pathogen pressure is not as high (Gsell, de Senerpont Domis, Van Donk, & Ibelings, ; Marinkelle & Rodriguez, ; Schoebel, Tellenbach, Spaak, & Wolinska, ). Thermal variability may influence host behavior, feeding ecology, and survival of both host and pathogen species (Lafferty & Kuris, ), the net effect of which determines the resulting relationship between temperature variability and infection dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluctuating temperatures alter environmental pathogen transmission in a Daphnia–pathogen system

Dallas

Drake

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Environmental conditions are rarely constant, but instead vary spatially and temporally. This variation influences ecological interactions and epidemiological dynamics, yet most experimental studies examine interactions under constant conditions. We examined the effects of variability in temperature on the host–pathogen relationship between an aquatic zooplankton host (Daphnia laevis) and an environmentally transmitted fungal pathogen (Metschnikowia bicuspidata). We manipulated temperature variability by exposing all populations to mean temperatures of 20°C for the length of the experiments, but introducing periods of 1, 2, and 4 hr each day where the populations were exposed to 28°C followed by periods of the same length (1, 2, and 4 hr, respectively) where the populations were exposed to 12°C. Three experiments were performed to assess the role of thermal variability on Daphnia–pathogen interactions, specifically with respect to: (1) host infection prevalence and intensity; (2) free‐living pathogen survival; and (3) host foraging ecology. We found that temperature variability affected host filtering rate, which is closely related to pathogen transmission in this system. Further, infection prevalence was reduced as a function of temperature variability, while infection intensity was not influenced, suggesting that pathogen transmission was influenced by temperature variability, but the growth of pathogen within infected hosts was not. Host survival was reduced by temperature variability, but environmental pathogen survival was unaffected, suggesting that zooplankton hosts were more sensitive than the fungal pathogen to variable temperatures. Together, these experiments suggest that temperature variability may influence host demography and host–pathogen interactions, providing a link between host foraging ecology and pathogen transmission.

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Temperature effects on parasite prevalence in a natural hybrid complex

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Cyanobacteria facilitate parasite epidemics in Daphnia

Cyanobacteria facilitate parasite epidemics in Daphnia

Temperature Alters Host Genotype-Specific Susceptibility to Chytrid Infection

Fluctuating temperatures alter environmental pathogen transmission in a Daphnia–pathogen system

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