Temperature effect on morphology and electrochemical properties of nanostructured ZnO as anode for lithium ion batteries

Abstract

Nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) with different morphology has been synthesised by a facile hydrothermal method combining calcination procedure at different temperatures. The effect of calcination temperature on the morphology and electrochemical properties of assynthesised ZnO is investigated. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were applied to characterise the phase composition and microstructure of the synthesised samples. The electrochemical tests of as-synthesised ZnO as an anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) reveal that ZnO nanoparticles prepared at 700°C deliver the largest capacity of 1815.8 mAh g −1 , while cabbage-like ZnO nanosheets prepared at lower temperatures display better cycling stability. It is believed that the diverse morphologies of nanostructured ZnO crucially affect their electrochemical properties as an anode material for LIBs.

Three-Dimensional ZnO Hierarchical Nanostructures: Solution Phase Synthesis and Applications

“…The assembly of ZnO hierarchical nanostructures shows great influence on the battery performance. Zhang et al [ 92 ] synthesized ZnO nanostructures with different morphology by a facile hydrothermal and subsequent annealing treatment. The ZnO particles anode delivers the largest initial discharge capacity of 1815.8 mA·h·g −1 , and a reversible charge capacity of 870.0 mA·h·g −1 at the current density of 50 mA·g −1 , while cabbage-like ZnO nanosheets’ electrodes displays better cycling stability.…”

ZnO‐Embedded Expanded Graphite Composite Anodes with Controlled Charge Storage Mechanism Enabling Operation of Lithium‐Ion Batteries at Ultra‐Low Temperatures

“…Zinc oxide (ZnO) has been extensively studied because of its high theoretical capacity (987 mAh g À1 ), high Li + diffusion coefficient, environmental abundance, safety, and low cost. [19][20][21] However, ZnO is vulnerable to polarization and cracking, resulting in significant capacity drop and poor cycle life. [22,23] The poor electrical conductivity and drastic volume changes of ZnO during cycling hinder its practical application in LIBs.…”