Temperature-Driven Changes of the Graphene Edge Structure on Ni(111): Substrate vs Hydrogen Passivation

Patera, Laerte L.; Bianchini, Federico; Troiano, Giulia; Dri, Carlo; Cepek, Cinzia; Peressi, Maria; Africh, Cristina; Comelli, Giovanni

doi:10.1021/nl5026985

Cited by 29 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…In particular, on nickel (Ni) (111) and cobalt (Co) (0001) at specific growth conditions graphene can take the (1×1) registry with respect to the substrates, due to the very small lattice mismatch (2.46 Å for graphene vs. 2.49/2.50 Å for Ni(111)/Co(0001)), as well as to the relatively strong interfacial coupling (i.e. chemisorption) [9][10][11][12]. For other strongly interacting systems, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene on nickel (100) micrograins: Modulating the interface interaction by extended moiré superstructures

Zou

Carnevali

Jugovac

et al. 2018

Carbon

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Interaction with the substrate strongly affects the electronic/chemical properties of supported graphene. So far, graphene deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on catalytic single crystal transition metal surfaces -mostly 3-fold close-packed -has mainly been studied. Herein, we investigated CVD graphene on a polycrystalline nickel (Ni) substrate, focusing in particular on (100) micrograins and comparing the observed behavior with that on single crystal Ni(100) substrate. The symmetry-mismatch leads to moiré superstructures with stripe-like or rhombic-network morphology, which were characterized by atomically-resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Density functional theory (DFT) simulations shed light on spatial corrugation and interfacial interactions: depending on the misorientation angle, graphene is either alternately physi-and chemisorbed or uniformly chemisorbed, the interaction being modulated by the (sub)nanometer-sized moiré superstructures. Ni(100) micrograins appear to be a promising substrate to finely tailor the electronic properties of graphene at the nanoscale, with relevant perspective applications in electronics and catalysis. of the graphene lattice, which leads to alternate strongly-and weakly-interacting regions across the moiré supercells [13][14][15][16][17][18]. In contrast, the weak coupling between graphene and other transition metals (such as copper (Cu), iridium (Ir) and platinum) results in large interfacial spacing out of the range of chemisorption, smaller spatial corrugation of moirés with respect to strongly-coupled systems, and limited rotational alignment between graphene and the substrate [19][20][21][22][23]. From an electronic point of view, the band structures for chemisorbed graphene (such as that on Ni(111) or Ru(0001)) are fragmented or disrupted due to the hybridization of the graphene π state and the metal d orbital, while physisorbed graphene typically shows Dirac cones similar to its pristine form [24][25][26]. Therefore, the magnitude of energy gap opening, interface charge polycrystalline Ni foils are also explored, thereby bridging the material gap from single crystal to realistic, non-ideal surfaces for STM measurements. Indeed, the (100) facet is one of the most common orientations present in polycrystalline Ni foils or thin films, as reported in literature [29,37] and further corroborated in this work. In addition, nickel is among the class of most-utilized metallic catalysts for CVD growth of graphene [5][6]38]. This work is therefore of potential interest for the scalable production and applications of graphene. Our results indicate that graphene structures observed on both single-and poly-crystalline substrates are highly nanometer scale. Generally, graphene moiré originates from lattice mismatch and/or angular misorientation in two isosymmetric overlapping periodic lattices; herein the situation is further complicated by the symmetry mismatch of the two interface lattices. In figures 2(a-c), from left to right, we show three STM images with incr...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene on nickel (100) micrograins: Modulating the interface interaction by extended moiré superstructures

Zou

Carnevali

Jugovac

et al. 2018

Carbon

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“…39 In this way, it is possible to resolve in real-time chemical reactions steps with atomic resolution. 59,60 Fig . 3 shows the three assembly mechanisms captured by high-speed STM imaging.…”

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confidence: 99%

Imaging on-surface hierarchical assembly of chiral supramolecular networks

Patera

Zou

Dri

et al. 2017

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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The bottom-up assembly of chiral structures usually relies on a cascade of molecular recognition interactions. A thorough description of these complex stereochemical mechanisms requires the capability of imaging multilevel coordination in real-time. Here we report the first direct observation of hierarchical expression of supramolecular chirality at work, for 10,10 0 -dibromo-9,9 0 -bianthryl (DBBA) on Cu(111). Molecular recognition first steers the growth of chiral organometallic chains and then leads to the formation of enantiopure islands. The structure of the networks was determined by noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM), while high-speed scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) revealed details of the assembly mechanisms at the ms time-scale. The direct observation of the chirality transfer pathways allowed us to evaluate the enantioselectivity of the interchain coupling.

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“…This allows, for example, its implementation in experimental setups already optimized for in-situ studies, capable then to work at high temperatures and pressure, as well as in electrochemical environments. In this context, the new FastSTM has been already successfully exploited for the investigation of a variety of dynamical processes occurring at surfaces, such as catalytic reactions [21,22], assembly of supramolecular networks [23] and diffusion of supported metal clusters [24]. These recent results demonstrate the actual possibility to study surface processes at the atomic scale in real-time, providing new insight and understanding on the dynamics occurring in the millisecond time scale.…”

Section: Faststmmentioning

confidence: 95%

The new FAST module: A portable and transparent add-on module for time-resolved investigations with commercial scanning probe microscopes

et al. 2019

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Time resolution is one of the most severe limitations of scanning probe microscopies (SPMs), since the typical image acquisition times are in the order of several seconds or even few minutes. As a consequence, the characterization of dynamical processes occurring at surfaces (e.g. surface diffusion, film growth, self-assembly and chemical reactions) cannot be thoroughly addressed by conventional SPMs. To overcome this limitation, several years ago we developed a first prototype of the FAST module, an add-on instrument capable of driving a commercial scanning tunneling microscope (STM) at and beyond video rate frequencies. Here we report on a fully redesigned version of the FAST module, featuring improved performance and user experience, which can be used both with STMs and atomic force microscopes (AFMs), and offers additional capabilities such as an atom tracking mode. All the new features of the FAST module, including portability between different commercial instruments, are described in detail and practically demonstrated.

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Temperature-Driven Changes of the Graphene Edge Structure on Ni(111): Substrate vs Hydrogen Passivation

Cited by 29 publications

References 53 publications

Graphene on nickel (100) micrograins: Modulating the interface interaction by extended moiré superstructures

Graphene on nickel (100) micrograins: Modulating the interface interaction by extended moiré superstructures

Imaging on-surface hierarchical assembly of chiral supramolecular networks

The new FAST module: A portable and transparent add-on module for time-resolved investigations with commercial scanning probe microscopes

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