Temperature‐Dependent Nucleation and Growth of Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anodes

Yan, Kang; Wang, Jiangyan; Zhao, Shuoqing; Zhou, Dong; Sun, Bing; Cui, Yi; Wang, Guoxiu

doi:10.1002/anie.201905251

Cited by 199 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…[47] In Figure 3b, large nuclei size with small nucleation density was shown at elevated temperature, attributing to the enhanced lithiophilicity and Li + migration ability on electrolyte/electrode interface. [47] In Figure 3b, large nuclei size with small nucleation density was shown at elevated temperature, attributing to the enhanced lithiophilicity and Li + migration ability on electrolyte/electrode interface.…”

Section: Force Engineering In LI + Reduction/li Atom Surface Migratiomentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Furthermore, the additional VSs can also promote Li + lateral diffusion on the surface and flatten the already deposited Li due to their 2D structure with high Young's modulus (64-413 GPa). [47] Copyright 2019, Wiley-VCH. Different from the additional functional agent, temperature is another kind of driving force affecting Li + reduction behavior.…”

Section: Force Engineering In LI + Reduction/li Atom Surface Migratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Eliminating Dendrites through Dynamically Engineering the Forces Applied during Li Deposition for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes

Ren

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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intercalation reaction mechanism of commercialized graphite anodes, the energy density of LIBs is nearly approaching its theoretical limits (350 Wh kg −1 ). [2,3] More advanced alternative electrodes are urgently needed to satisfy the growing demand for portable electronics and electric vehicles. [4] With the ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g −1 ) and lowest electrochemical potential (−3.040 V vs standard hydrogen electrode), lithium (Li) metal is considered as the most desirable anode for next-generation high energy-storage applications, [5][6][7] including rechargeable Li-S [8][9][10] and Li-O 2 batteries. [11,12] Nevertheless, challenges still remained and the following issues are still urgently needed to be settled: 1) the intrinsic high reactivity of Li metal accelerates the corrosive side reactions between Li and electrolyte, leading to low Coulombic efficiency and Li anode degradation. [1,13] 2) Infinite volume fluctuation of Li anodes brings serious damage to the fragile solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), and causes unstable Li anode/liquid electrolyte interface during Li plating/stripping. [5,14] 3) The uncontrollable Li dendrite growth impales the separator, resulting in catastrophic combustion and explosion. [15] To effectively address the aforementioned problems, numerous strategies have been proposed, including structured anode design, [16][17][18][19] in/ex-situ artificial SEI protective layer, [20,21] functional electrolyte additives, [22,23] and solid/quasisolid-state electrolytes. [24][25][26][27] Specifically, structured anode can manipulate the electric field redistribution on Li surface, decrease the local current density and accommodate large volume fluctuation during cycling, while the unwell protected large surface area would lead to more serious parasite reactions. Alternatively, the artificial protective layer and functional additives could enhance the plating quality by modifying the SEI composition, but the severe anode volume change and inevitable additive consumption always leads to failure in long cycling operation, especially under high current density. The solid/quasi-solid-state electrolyte is considered to be a relatively safe way to replace the traditional flammable liquid electrolyte. However, the high electrolyte/electrode interface resistance and low ionic conductivity at room temperature are still hard to be resolved. Therefore, though all these strategies have made great progress, further improvements are Lithium metal anodes are considered the most promising anode for nextgeneration high-energy-density batteries due to their high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential. However, intractable barriers, especially the notorious dendrite growth, severe volume expansion, and side reactions, have obstructed its large-scale application. Numerous strategies from different points of view are explored to surmount these obstacles. Within these efforts, dynamically engineering the forces applied during the electrochemical process plays a significant r...

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Section: Force Engineering In LI + Reduction/li Atom Surface Migratiomentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Force Engineering In LI + Reduction/li Atom Surface Migratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Eliminating Dendrites through Dynamically Engineering the Forces Applied during Li Deposition for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes

Ren

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 2,7,26 ] Typically, in a sandwich structured cell, a separator is placed between anode and cathode. [ 4,8,27,28 ] The perpendicular Li dendrites formation would be hindered to some extent, because of the mechanical strength of separator. [ 29 ] However, when there is a large amount of Li dendrites, the localized stress concentration caused by the dendrite would pierce the separator, causing the short circuit of battery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal Stress Release for Protuberance‐Free Li Metal Anode

Liu

Yin

Shen

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Dendrite‐induced short circuit and capacity loss present major barriers to high‐energy‐density lithium (Li) metal batteries. Many approaches have been proposed to regulate or restrain the formation of Li dendrite, yet it has not been fully eliminated. Herein, a dredging tactic with hemisphere‐like concaves is designed to horizontally release the stress during Li deposition, making both upper smooth Li and nether granular Li dwell inside the compartmented tummy. With such protuberance‐free Li metal anode, an ultrahigh Coulombic efficiency over 96% of the half‐cell is maintained after 490 cycles and capacity retention of 100% for the full cell paired with a LiFePO4 cathode after 140 cycles (with low N/P ratio of ≈5) is achieved simultaneously. This study contributes to a deeper comprehension of electrochemical metal deposition and promotes the development of safe batteries.

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“…Nowadays, the practical applications of Li batteries are still hindered by the formation of Li dendrites, rapid pulverizations of Li metal, and volume fluctuation . Tremendous efforts have been devoted to disclosing the mechanism of Li plating/stripping and developing strategies to regulate its behaviors thus extending the lifespan of Li batteries during the past half century, including electrolyte formulations, interfacial modifications, solid‐state electrolytes, composite anodes, and so on . Thereinto, composite Li anode emerges as a promising strategy to regulate Li plating/stripping behaviors and promote the advances of Li batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Composite Lithium Metal Anode for Practical Applications

Shi

Zhang

Shen

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Technologies

127

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potential (−3.040 V vs standard hydrogen electrode). [8][9][10] Objectively, the energy density of Li batteries should take all parts of a battery into considerations instead of only anode. In order to achieve high-energydensity Li batteries, practical conditions including limited Li (<10 mAh cm −2 ), low negative/positive capacity (N/P) ratio (<3), and lean electrolyte are necessary. [11,12] In addition, fast charge is imperative with the popularization of portable electronics and electrical vehicles. [13] Consequently, high charge current density (>3 mA cm −2 ) is a confronted issue.Nowadays, the practical applications of Li batteries are still hindered by the formation of Li dendrites, rapid pulverizations of Li metal, and volume fluctuation. [14][15][16] Tremendous efforts have been devoted to disclosing the mechanism of Li plating/stripping and developing strategies to regulate its behaviors thus extending the lifespan of Li batteries during the past half century, including electrolyte formulations, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] interfacial modifications, [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] solid-state electrolytes, [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] composite anodes, [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] and so on. [64] Thereinto, composite Li anode emerges as a promising strategy to regulate Li plating/stripping behaviors and promote the advances of Li batteries.Generally, a composite Li anode is composed of a 3D host and fresh Li metal. The 3D host is endowed with the unique surface chemistry and interconnecting structure. [65] The superiorities contributed by composite Li anode mainly include:(1) improving electronic conductivity, such as decreasing areal current density and avoiding the generation of "dead Li." Conductive hosts with high specific surface area, such as carbon-based and metal-based hosts, can decrease areal current density to prolong the time for depletion of ion at the anode surface to induce dendritic Li according to Sand's time model. [66] Therefore, the formation of Li dendrites will be effectively inhibited at low areal current density and the cyclability can be improved effectively.(2) Homogenizing Li-ion flux over the surface of Li metal. The distribution of Li ions over the surface of Li anode impacts the subsequent Li plating/stripping behaviors significantly. Uniform Li plating/ stripping can be improved by regulating the interactions between lithiophilic sites on 3D host surface, such as polar functional groups, [67,68] and Li ion to homogenize Li-ion flux. [69] (3) Maintaining dimensional stability of anode. 3D hosts can confine plating Li in the inside pores to avoid the Lithium (Li) metal is considered as a promising anode candidate for nextgeneration batteries owing to its extremely high specific capacity and low reduction potential. However, Li metal anode is still hindered by uncontrolled Li dendrites and extreme volume fluctuation. Composite Li metal anode emerges as an attractive strategy to suppress Li dendrites and ...

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Temperature‐Dependent Nucleation and Growth of Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anodes

Cited by 199 publications

References 27 publications

Eliminating Dendrites through Dynamically Engineering the Forces Applied during Li Deposition for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes

Eliminating Dendrites through Dynamically Engineering the Forces Applied during Li Deposition for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes

Horizontal Stress Release for Protuberance‐Free Li Metal Anode

A Review of Composite Lithium Metal Anode for Practical Applications

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