Temperature-dependent development, survival and reproduction ofApanteles hemara(Nixon) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) onSpoladea recurvalis(F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Abstract

The temperature-dependent development of Apanteles hemara (Nixon), a larval endoparasitoid of the devastating amaranth pest Spoladea recurvalis (F.) was studied in the laboratory at six constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C), a photoperiod of 12L:12D and a relative humidity of 60–70%. Developmental time decreased significantly with increasing temperature within the range of 15–30 °C. The parasitoid's pupal mortality, successful parasitism rate, adult emergence rate and longevity, sex ratio and fecundity were affected by temperature. The population of A. hemara failed to develop at 10 and 35 °C. The development threshold (Tmin) and the thermal constant (K) were calculated by the linear model while the lethal temperature (Tmax) was determined by the Lactin-1 model. The estimated values of Tmin, Tmax and K by the two models were 10.3 °C, 35.0 °C and 185.18 DD respectively for the total immature development. The estimated value of the optimum temperature using the Taylor model was 30.8 °C. This is the first study to report on the effect of temperature on the developmental parameters of A. hemara giving an insight into its biology. The implications of these findings for the use of A. hemara in biological control are discussed.

Impact of temperature on the bionomics and geographical range margins of the two-spotted field cricket Gryllus bimaculatus in the world: Implications for its mass farming

“…Our findings indicated that the G . bimaculatus female fecundity increased as body size increased, which is consistent with other insect species [ 48 ]. Previous studies have demonstrated that there is always a log-linear correlation between the size of the body and the number of eggs oviposited by cricket during the egg-laying timespan [ 52 ].…”

“…icipe by 185.73 days and 190.29 days, respectively. The low-temperature thresholds in the linear equation agree with that of other insect species [ 21 , 48 ]. At the optimum temperature thresholds, G .…”

Abundance and phenology of two pest species, Cacoecimorpha pronubana and Epiphyas postvittana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

“…Abiotic factors can also affect the development of natural enemies of Lepidopterans. For example, the pupal survival, parasitism rates, longevity and fecundity of the parasitoid, Apanteles hemara (Nixon) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) significantly decrease with increasing temperature (Agbodzavu, Osiemo‐Lagat, Gikungu, Ekesi, & Fiaboe, 2020).…”

Temperature-Dependent Development Models Describing the Effects of Temperature on the Development of the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…Dunn's test was used to compare treatments when the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05) [9]. The survival of FAWs at egg, larval, and pupal stages was compared among temperatures using a proportion test [32]. Furthermore, survival curves were plotted for each temperature and compared using the nonparametric Kaplan-Meier method [33].…”