Temperature dependence of the Hall coefficient of sensitive layer materials considered for DEMO Hall sensors

Entler, Slavomír; Ďuran, I.; Kovařík, K.; Sládek, Petr; Grover, O.; Vilémová, Monika; Najman, Dominik; Kohout, Michal; Šebek, J.; Výborný, Karel; Šobáň, Z.

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111454

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A comparison with the semimetal (Bi, Sb) and metal (Au, Mo, Ta, Cu) Hall sensors tested so far [ 23 ] is presented in Figure 10 . In agreement with Equation (3), all metal Hall sensors feature only a weak temperature-dependence of the sensitivity (which is proportional to the Hall coefficient).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thin layer allows the achievement of relatively high sensitivity, but requires a suitable polished substrate and limits the supply electric current. Currently, thin sensitive layers with a thickness of nanometers to micrometers are used [ 23 ].…”

Section: Sensor Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The operating temperature range of the DEMO Hall sensors will vary depending on the location of the sensors. In the case of outer-vessel sensors, it will be close to the vacuum vessel temperature, which will be approximately 200 • C [23]. In the case of inner-vessel sensors, the sensor temperature will be in the range of 300 to 520 • C [23,24]; the higher operating temperature compared to ITER exceeds the range of applicability of the bismuth sensors as bismuth melts at 271.4 • C. Therefore, several metal sensitive layers that can operate at these temperatures have been researched [22,23].…”

Section: Sensitive Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, several metal sensitive layers that can operate at these temperatures have been researched [ 22 , 23 ]. Gold-based Hall sensors for fusion reactor application were developed at the Magnetic sensor laboratory of Lviv Polytechnic National University in Ukraine (MSL) [ 25 , 26 ], and antimony-based Hall sensors operating up to a temperature of 550 °C were developed at IPP [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other metals analyzed were molybdenum and chromium. It was found out that thin molybdenum nanolayers are unstable and the preparation of these sensors requires more in-depth research [ 23 ]. On the other hand, Hall sensors with a chromium nanolayer (hereafter chromium Hall sensors) have been successfully manufactured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ceramic-Chromium Hall Sensors for Environments with High Temperatures and Neutron Radiation

Entler

Šobáň

Ďuran

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Ceramic-chromium Hall sensors represent a temperature and radiation resistant alternative to Hall sensors based on semiconductors. Demand for these sensors is presently motivated by the ITER and DEMO nuclear fusion projects. The developed ceramic-chromium Hall sensors were tested up to a temperature of 550 °C and a magnetic field of 14 T. The magnitude of the sensitivity of the tested sensor was 6.2 mV/A/T at 20 °C and 4.6 mV/A/T at 500 °C. The sensitivity was observed to be weakly dependent on a temperature above 240 °C with an average temperature coefficient of 0.014%/°C and independent of the magnetic field with a relative average deviation below the measurement accuracy of 0.086%. A simulation of a neutron-induced transmutation was performed to assess changes in the composition of the chromium. After 5.2 operational years of the DEMO fusion reactor, the transmuted fraction of the chromium sensitive layer was found to be 0.27% at the most exposed sensor location behind the divertor cassette with a neutron fluence of 6.08 × 1025 n/m2. The ceramic-chromium Hall sensors show the potential to be suitable magnetic sensors for environments with high temperatures and strong neutron radiation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensor Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%