Temperature Dependence of Structure, Morphology and Dielectric Characterization of Gallium Phthalocyanine Chloride Discs

Elesh, E.; Mohamed, Zakiah; Dawood, Mahmoud S.

doi:10.1007/s11664-020-07971-9

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

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“…The (b ¢ ) variations for the powder, as-deposited, and irradiated films changed the ε s values [41]. The radiation exposure also lowered the (ε s ) values, revealing the enhancement of the crystalline quality needed in the production of solar cell applications and photovoltaic modules [43]. The dislocation density (δ) illustrating the crystallite number and the dislocation distance lines per unit volume (N ) were estimated (table 2) as follows [44]:…”

Section: Structural and Morphological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma radiation induced variation in structure formation and optical characteristics of evaporated tris [2-phenylpyridinato-C₂,N]iridium(III) films prepared by electron beam evaporator in photovoltaic applications

Elesh

El-Damhogi²,

Mohammed³

2023

Phys. Scr.

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This study fabricates novel tris (2-phenylpyridinato-C2, N] iridium III thin films using an electron beam evaporator and investigates their structure formation, surface morphology, and linear/nonlinear optical properties. The structural features of thin films were examined using Fourier Transform spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The optical characteristics for various doses of gamma radiation (3 kGy, 6 kGy and 9kGy) were investigated using a UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer in the wavelength range from 200 nm to 2500 nm. In addition, the values of fundamental energy gap (Efundamental) values showed a reduction from 2.30 to 1.92 eV and urbach energy increasing from 0.23 to 0.30 when the deposited film irradiated for 9 kGy. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility ( ), the nonlinear absorption coefficient ( ) and the nonlinear refractive index ( ) were determined for all gamma doses. Furthermore, The optical electronegativity ( ), the first moment ( ), the second moments of optical spectra ( ), the oscillator strength (f), the dispersion energy ( ), infinite dielectric constant ( ),oscillator energy ( ), the lattice dielectric constant ( ), and to the effective mass for as-deposited film are calculated as : 1.860, 17.29, 300.20, 0.9960 (eV)2, 4.15 eV, 4.52, 1.18 eV, 5.58, and 8.86 x1059 kg−1 m−3 respectively. The high values of ( ) for as-deposited and irradiated are essential for the creation of low power devices for nonlinear optical applications involving ultrafast switches, optical computers, and ultra-pulsed lasers.

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Section: Structural and Morphological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma radiation induced variation in structure formation and optical characteristics of evaporated tris [2-phenylpyridinato-C₂,N]iridium(III) films prepared by electron beam evaporator in photovoltaic applications

Elesh

El-Damhogi²,

Mohammed³

2023

Phys. Scr.

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Synthesis of prussian blue analog (Co/TCNi/HCCr) nanoparticles using a facile co-precipitation approach and evaluation of their dielectric characteristics for electronic applications

Mosaad,

Ibrahim,

Elesh

et al. 2023

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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The Prussian blue analog Co0.4/(TCNi)0.2/(HCCr)0.6 (PBA) nanoparticles were synthesized via a chemical co-precipitation approach. The structural characteristics of the nanocomposite (NCp) were investigated using the XRD technique, which revealed that the synthetic PBA has a tiny crystallite size and poor crystallinity. The XRD analysis suggests that the fabricated NCp has a face-centered cubic structure with space group Fm-3 m. For deep microstructure analysis, SEM, EDX, and AFM were employed to describe the topological nature and surface architecture. It is observed that the PBA nanocomposite has a small crystallite size of ~13.66 ± 0.32 nm. The particles’ surface displays a high degree of homogeneity, while the grain boundaries are clearly discernible, presenting a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 22 ± 2.1 nm. The porosity was ascertained from an AFM image of approximately 140. Furthermore, the value of the average roughness (Rs) is 6.86 nm. The AC conductivity of PBA in disc form was calculated at various temperatures and frequencies. The results indicate that the dielectric constant (ɛ′) of PBA nanoparticles exhibits a rise from 163 to 3464 throughout the frequency range of 10–100 kHz at ambient temperature and from 27 to 6000 at 293 K. This finding provides confirmation that the dielectric characteristics of PBA nanoparticles are enhanced during the process of annealing. The values of the exponent factor (s) range from 0 to 1; this behavior is connected to the correlated barrier hopping model (CBHM) for AC conductivity. The value of WM was ascertained to be 1.69 eV. Furthermore, the values of activation energy were calculated, and these values decreased from 0.20 to 0.17 eV with annealing. The change in loss tangent (tanδ) as a function of angular frequency at various temperatures is also shown. The investigation of the dielectric characteristics was measured over a wide range of frequencies and temperatures to get valuable data about the dissipation properties of the prospective electronic applications.

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Microstructure evolution, dielectric response, and conduction mechanism of La1–xYxFeO3, (0 < x < 0.3) annealed perovskites synthesized via a sol–gel combustion technique

Ibrahim,

Mosaad,

Elesh

2024

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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The structural and dielectric characteristics of nano-crystalline La1−xYxFeO3, (0 < x < 0.3) perovskite samples synthesized through the citrate auto-combustion route were investigated. The findings of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the synthesized perovskites exhibited a polycrystalline orthorhombic structure with a space group Pnma. Furthermore, the tolerance factor was indicative of the phase stability of the orthoferrite series. Based on the refined XRD data, the size of the crystallites was estimated to be between 11.9 and 18.5 nm using size-strain plots (SSP). To gain more insight into the crystal structure, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was employed. The estimated size based on HRTEM calculations agreed with the XRD findings. The influence of annealing temperature on the frequency dependence of the dielectric response was thoroughly investigated for nano-crystalline La1−xYxFeO3 perovskites. The investigation took place at room temperature as well as different annealing temperatures, with a comprehensive frequency range of 50 Hz to ~ 2 MHz. The incorporation of Y3+ ions into LaFeO3 (LFO) has resulted in a significant enhancement of the dielectric constant values. This improvement is attributed to the successful integration of Y3+ ions, which have effectively modified the electrical properties of LFO. Furthermore, the annealing has been shown to enhance both the values of the dielectric constant, ε1(ω) and ε2(ω), which are critical parameters for electronic devices. Based on a power law response, the AC conductivity displays an increase with dopant concentration and frequency. Additionally, it has been noted that the activation energy value for LFOY30 is slightly reduced by 0.01 eV in comparison to pure LFO. The AC conductivity of LFOY30 was observed to increase with thermal annealing over the temperature range of 333 K to 463 K. This result confirms the occurrence of thermally activated conduction in the material. Based on this finding, LFOY30 is deemed appropriate for use in applications that require effective heat dissipation. The frequency exponent, s, decreases with increasing temperature from 0.87 to 0.56 for LFO and from 0.488 to 0.42 for LFOY30, respectively, which is associated with the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model. The maximum barrier height (WM) was around 0.26 eV. The loss tangent (tanδ) variation was estimated as a function of frequency at different dopant concentrations and temperatures. Doping and annealing have been identified as appropriate measures for enhancing the electrical properties of the La1−xYxFeO3 system, thereby making it a useful material for electronic devices.

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Temperature Dependence of Structure, Morphology and Dielectric Characterization of Gallium Phthalocyanine Chloride Discs

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Gamma radiation induced variation in structure formation and optical characteristics of evaporated tris [2-phenylpyridinato-C₂,N]iridium(III) films prepared by electron beam evaporator in photovoltaic applications

Gamma radiation induced variation in structure formation and optical characteristics of evaporated tris [2-phenylpyridinato-C₂,N]iridium(III) films prepared by electron beam evaporator in photovoltaic applications

Synthesis of prussian blue analog (Co/TCNi/HCCr) nanoparticles using a facile co-precipitation approach and evaluation of their dielectric characteristics for electronic applications

Microstructure evolution, dielectric response, and conduction mechanism of La1–xYxFeO3, (0 < x < 0.3) annealed perovskites synthesized via a sol–gel combustion technique

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Temperature Dependence of Structure, Morphology and Dielectric Characterization of Gallium Phthalocyanine Chloride Discs

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Gamma radiation induced variation in structure formation and optical characteristics of evaporated tris [2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N]iridium(III) films prepared by electron beam evaporator in photovoltaic applications

Gamma radiation induced variation in structure formation and optical characteristics of evaporated tris [2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N]iridium(III) films prepared by electron beam evaporator in photovoltaic applications

Synthesis of prussian blue analog (Co/TCNi/HCCr) nanoparticles using a facile co-precipitation approach and evaluation of their dielectric characteristics for electronic applications

Microstructure evolution, dielectric response, and conduction mechanism of La1–xYxFeO3, (0 < x < 0.3) annealed perovskites synthesized via a sol–gel combustion technique

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Gamma radiation induced variation in structure formation and optical characteristics of evaporated tris [2-phenylpyridinato-C₂,N]iridium(III) films prepared by electron beam evaporator in photovoltaic applications

Gamma radiation induced variation in structure formation and optical characteristics of evaporated tris [2-phenylpyridinato-C₂,N]iridium(III) films prepared by electron beam evaporator in photovoltaic applications