Temperature dependence of refractive index in blue phase liquid crystals

Chen, Chun-Wei; Jau, Hung Chang; Lee, Chun Hong; Li, Cheng Chang; Hou, Chien Tsung; Wu, Chih Wei; Lin, Tsung‐Hsien; Khoo, Iam Choon

doi:10.1364/ome.3.000527

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Herein, a typical phase sequence of BPLC is demonstrated in Fig. 9.9 [87]. Cooling from the isotropic liquid, blue platelets and some invisibles nucleated and finally filled up the bulk.…”

Section: Phase Identification Of Bpmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The characteristic Kössel pattern of a planar cholesteric, composed of superimposed spiral arcs, is also displayed. Phase sequence of a BPLC could be identified by measuring its physical properties as a function of temperature including refractive index [87], density [88], elasticity [89], viscosity [89], heat capacity [89,90], permittivity [91] and optical rotatory power (optical activity) [51,92]. Quantitative characterization of these properties and their temperature dependency also help develop high-performance BP devices for advanced photonic applications.…”

Section: Phase Identification Of Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Organized 3D Photonic Superstructure: Blue Phase Liquid Crystal

Lin

Chen

2015

Anisotropic Nanomaterials

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Blue phase liquid crystals (BPLCs) have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their unique periodic structure and electro-optic properties. Besides the potential applications in the next generation display, BPLC with a cubic lattice structure can be regarded as a self-organized three-dimenstional (3D) photonic crystal that can be applied for photonic devices such as optical filter, optical attenuator, phase modulator, laser source and so on. This chapter will introduce the formation of BPLCs from both theoretical and experimental points of view. The stability and temperature range of BPLCs are also discussed followed by its photonic crystal structure, lattice orientation and phase identification. After a basic overview, this chapter will further introduce the applications of BPLCs, including controllability of photonic band gap with external fields, fast electro-optic Kerr effect, and optical nonlinear effect. This short summary shows that the century old intriguing BPLCs have diverse opportunities to offer in modern photonic materials and devices. Moreover, the current challenges in this area are expected to spark innovative ideas leading toward the design and engineering of new chiral materials that may furnish suitable BPLCs to produce advanced photonic materials that have desirable properties and functions.

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“…Herein, a typical phase sequence of BPLC is demonstrated in Fig. 9.9 [87]. Cooling from the isotropic liquid, blue platelets and some invisibles nucleated and finally filled up the bulk.…”

Section: Phase Identification Of Bpmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Phase Identification Of Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Organized 3D Photonic Superstructure: Blue Phase Liquid Crystal

Lin

Chen

2015

Anisotropic Nanomaterials

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“…Recent studies have shown that another mesophase, namely, Blue-Phase Liquid Crystals (BPLC) present promising alternatives to NLC for electro-and nonlinear optics [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. In this unique class of optical materials formed by mixing a chiral compound and nematics, the molecules self-assemble (without cell-surface alignment) into tightly wound defect-spirals that form 3-D body-centered cubic or simple cubic lattices with sub-wavelength lattice constants, cf.…”

Section: Intense Laser Induced Lattice Distortion In Bplc With Nanosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in most organic materials, although they are transparent in terms of single-photon transitions, the constituent molecules of BPLC do undergo two-or multi-photon absorptions due to the high intensities of the laser [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Nonradiative processes following photo-absorptions invariably result in significant thermal heating and deformation of the BPLC lattice to create large refractive index changes [35,39] These thermal effects are clearly in play in our experiment; we have observed that upon longer exposure to the picosecond pulse trains, the transmitted beams all exhibit severe thermal blooming appearance in the transmitted beam, often culminating in the creation of visible bubbles in the liquid crystals. Clearly, more quantitative experimental and theoretical studies similar to those conducted on NLC are needed, and are currently underway in order to elucidate and quantify the dynamical roles played by Maxwell stress, multi-photon absorptions, heating, electrostriction and other possible index changing mechanisms in BPLC.…”

Section: Intense Laser Induced Lattice Distortion In Bplc With Nanosementioning

confidence: 99%

MAXWELL STRESS INDUCED FLOW-DEFORMATION AND OPTICAL NONLINEARITIES IN LIQUID CRYSTALS (Invited Paper)

Khoo¹,

Zhao²,

Chen³

et al. 2015

PIER

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Abstract-We present a critical account of intense pulsed-laser field induced refractive index changes caused by flow, crystalline axis reorientation and distortion and other high order photonic processes in transparent liquid crystals. In particular, the optical nonlinearity associated with Maxwell Stress induced flow-reorientation in nematic liquid crystals is explicitly calculated, and their possibility for all-optical switching application is experimentally demonstrated. Similar flows processes have also been observed in Blue-Phase liquid crystals with nanosecond and picosecond pulsed-lasers.

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“…There have also been recent studies of another phase of chiral nematic liquid crystals, namely, Blue-Phase Liquid Crystals (BPLC) and their polymer-stabilized forms (PSBPLC) that presented promising polarization-and alignment-free alternatives [5,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99] for nonlinear optics as well as electro-optics. In this unique class of optical materials formed by mixing chiral and achiral nematics (with or without polymer stabilization), the molecules self-assemble into tightly wound defect-spirals that form 3-D cubic or BCC lattices with sub-wavelength lattice constants.…”

Section: Multiple Time Scales Nonlinearities Of Nematic Liquid Crystamentioning

confidence: 99%

MULTIPLE TIME SCALES OPTICAL NONLINEARITIES OF LIQUID CRYSTALS FOR OPTICAL-TERAHERTZ-MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS (Invited Review)

Khoo¹,

Zhao²

2014

PIER

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Abstract-We provide a critical account of the dynamics of laser induced refractive index changing mechanisms in nematic liquid crystals which may be useful for all-optical switching and modulation applications in the visible as well as the Terahertz and long-wavelength regime. In particular, the magnitude and response times of optical Kerr effects associated with director axis reorientation, thermal and order parameter changes, coupled flow-reorientation effects and individual molecular electronic responses are thoroughly investigated and documented, along with exemplary experimental demonstrations. Emphases are placed on identifying parameter sets that will enable all-optical switching with much faster response times compared to their conventional electro-optics counterparts.

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Temperature dependence of refractive index in blue phase liquid crystals

Cited by 35 publications

References 23 publications

Self-Organized 3D Photonic Superstructure: Blue Phase Liquid Crystal

Self-Organized 3D Photonic Superstructure: Blue Phase Liquid Crystal

MAXWELL STRESS INDUCED FLOW-DEFORMATION AND OPTICAL NONLINEARITIES IN LIQUID CRYSTALS (Invited Paper)

MULTIPLE TIME SCALES OPTICAL NONLINEARITIES OF LIQUID CRYSTALS FOR OPTICAL-TERAHERTZ-MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS (Invited Review)

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