Temperature dependence of extreme precipitation over mainland China

Gao, Xichao; Guo, Ming; Yang, Zhiyong; Zhu, Qiankun; Xu, Zhi; Gao, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124595

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, precipitation intensity is also a function of local ascent rate and available atmospheric moisture (Pfahl et al., 2017; Sullivan et al., 2020), so the scaling rates could be modified by cloud microphysics, precipitation duration and type, seasonality, and large‐scale circulations (Li et al., 2019; Singh & O'Gorman, 2014; Zeder & Fischer, 2020). Growing observational evidence reports the departures from the C‐C scaling, such as negative rates at very high temperatures (Gao et al., 2020; Lenderink et al., 2011; Nie et al., 2018). These studies emphasize the importance and complexity of the dynamic and microphysical factors; the exact physical mechanisms behind the scaling rates of precipitation extremes with rising temperatures remain open questions (C. Muller & Takayabu, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dew point temperature and atmospheric temperature on pressure levels have also been used as alternative covariates in characterizing the scaling relationships (Ali et al., 2018; Barbero et al., 2018; C. Muller & Takayabu, 2020). Generally, the underlying physical causes of negative scaling of precipitation extreme still cannot be accurately explained due to multiple factors such as regional orography, microphysics, and large‐scale dynamics (Drobinski et al., 2016; Gao et al., 2020; Mishra et al., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does the Hook Structure Constrain Future Flood Intensification Under Anthropogenic Climate Warming?

Yin

Guo

Gentine

et al. 2021

Water Resources Research

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Atmospheric moisture holding capacity increases with temperature by about 7% per °C according to the Clausius‐Clapeyron relationship. Thermodynamically then, precipitation intensity should exponentially intensify and thus worsen flood conditions as the climate warms. However, regional and global analyses often report a nonmonotonic (hook) scaling of precipitation and runoff, in which extremes strengthen with rising temperature up to a maximum or peak point (Tpp) and decline thereafter. The underlying cause of this hook structure is not yet well‐understood, and whether it may shift and/or regulate storm runoff extremes under anthropogenic climate warming remains unknown. Here, we examine temperature scaling of precipitation and storm runoff extremes under different climate conditions using observations and large ensemble hydroclimatic simulations over mainland China. In situ observations suggest a spatially homogeneous, negative response of relative humidity to warming climates over 34.6% of the land area, and the remaining hook‐dominated regions usually show a colder Tpp than that of precipitation or storm runoff extremes. The precipitation and streamflow series over mainland China's catchments throughout the 21st century are projected by a model cascade chain under a high‐end emission scenario (RCP 8.5), which involves 31 CMIP5 climate models, 11 CMIP6 climate members, a daily bias correction method, and four lumped conceptual hydrological models. The CMIP5 ensemble projects that the hook structures shift toward warmer temperature bins, resulting in 10%–30% increases in storm runoff extremes over mainland China, while the CMIP6 ensemble projects more severe flood conditions in future warming climates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Hook Structure Constrain Future Flood Intensification Under Anthropogenic Climate Warming?

Yin

Guo

Gentine

et al. 2021

Water Resources Research

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“…According to formula (4) and (5) and rainfall data in Table 1, the evaporation intensity from artificial sprinkling on imperious hardened surfaces of each capital city in 2015 was calculated, and the results were shown in Figure 5. The results showed that more than half of the cities have evaporation intensity from artificial sprinklers on impervious surfaces above 27 mm in one year.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By the end of 2019, the proportion of urban population and hardened surfaces in cities were both above 60% in China [3]. Urban hardened surfaces bring great changes to the urban environment and hydrological process [1,4,5]. The usual results show that the increase of hardened surfaces in cities will reduce the evaporation, increase the sensible heat, increase the surface temperature, and aggravate the effect of urban heat island [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the evaporation of hardened surfaces refers to the evaporation of water on or under the hardened ground structure. As the main underlying surface in cities, evaporation from hardened surfaces should be an important part of urban evaporation [ 5 , 7 , 14 ]. Observational data and the Princeton urban canopy model showed that evaporative fluxes from concrete pavements, building rooftops, and asphalt surfaces have a significant impact on the urban surface energy balance [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms and Empirical Modeling of Evaporation from Hardened Surfaces in Urban Areas

Zhou

Liu

Chu

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Urban evaporation, as an essential part of local water vapor resources in urban areas, has often been underestimated. One possible reason is that the evaporation of urban hardened surfaces is seldom considered and poorly understood in urban evaporation estimation. This study focused on the mechanisms and calculation of evaporation on hardened surfaces in urban areas. Experimental monitoring was used to monitor the processes and characteristics of evaporation on hardened surfaces. Mathematical models based on water quantity constraints were built to calculate evaporation of hardened surfaces. The results showed that: The interception abilities for rainwater and rainfall days of impervious hardened surfaces determine their evaporated water amount, which means no water, no evaporation for the impervious surfaces. The greater evaporation of artificial sprinkling on roads happened in fewer days of rainfall and frost. The evaporation of pervious hardened ground is continuous compared to the impervious surface. Its soil moisture in the sub-layer of permeable concrete decreases periodically with a period of one day. The evaporation of hardened surfaces occupies 16–29% of the total amount of evaporation in the built-up areas in cities. Therefore, the hardened surface evaporation has great significance on the urban hydrological cycle and urban water balance.

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The spatial and seasonal dependency of daily precipitation extremes on the temperature in China from 1957 to 2017

Chen

Cui

2021

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation in China increase generally with global warming. It is well-accepted that higher temperature increases water vapour in the atmosphere, leading to more extreme precipitation events. Assuming relative humidity stay constant, the Clausius-Clapeyron (C-C) relationship indicates that global precipitation extremes increase with temperature at a rate of approximately 7%/ C. This study investigated the dependency of daily precipitation extremes on the temperature using daily data of 525 stations in China during 1957-2017. Results showed that the peak structure and sub

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Temperature dependence of extreme precipitation over mainland China

Cited by 44 publications

References 56 publications

Does the Hook Structure Constrain Future Flood Intensification Under Anthropogenic Climate Warming?

Does the Hook Structure Constrain Future Flood Intensification Under Anthropogenic Climate Warming?

Mechanisms and Empirical Modeling of Evaporation from Hardened Surfaces in Urban Areas

The spatial and seasonal dependency of daily precipitation extremes on the temperature in China from 1957 to 2017

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