Temperature Changes in the Different Parts of the Rabbit's Oviduct

David, A. Rosalie; Vilensky, A.; Nathan, Hílel

doi:10.1002/j.1879-3479.1972.tb00818.x

Cited by 45 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This fall in temperature occurred at both ends of the oviduct, and therefore did not influence the recorded differences Andersen, 1928;Hunter, 1977), and the oviducts of these animals may measure~27cm in length (Hunter, 1984). Even so, and in line with previous observations in the rabbit (David et al, 1972), the current findings using carefully calibrated thermistor probes indicate consistent temperature differences before ovulation, with the caudal portion of the isthmus always cooler than the proximal ampulla. Variation between animals in the extent of the differences might have been due to the stage of oestrus at surgery, and hence the size and synthetic activity of preovulatory follicles in the neighbouring ovary, and/or the precise siting of the two thermistor probes within the duct, especially the one in the isthmus.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…First, introduction of a probe through the complex folds of the utero-tubal junction (see Figs 1-4 in Fléchon & Hunter, 1981) and into the caudal isthmus may have stimulated dilatation of the vascular and lymphatic beds in this portion of the duct, and thereby have reduced the apparent temperature difference between the isthmus and ampulla. Second, the site of fertilization is the ampullary-isthmic junc¬ tion, and a probe placed there rather than at the fimbriated end of the ampulla might have recorded higher temperatures, as has been noted for rabbits (David et al, 1972). However, passage of the probe along 18-19 cm of convoluted ampulla would itself have caused artefacts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, a factor as simple as a reduced temperature before ovulation might also contribute to the storage phenomenon and, indirectly, to changes of gas tension and chemical composition in the duct lumen. A temperature difference within the oviduct has already been reported in relation to ovarian steroid status in rabbits (David, Vilensky & Nathan, 1972), but the findings were not considered in the context of sperm storage and the subsequent events of fertilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A preovulatory temperature gradient between the isthmus and ampulla of pig oviducts during the phase of sperm storage

Hunter¹,

Nichol²

1986

Reproduction

108

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Summary. Fine thermistor probes positioned in each end of the same oviduct and connected to the same scale were used to measure temperature gradients in the lumen before and after spontaneous ovulation in normally-cyclic gilts. Readings were taken after full surgical closure of a mid-ventral incision and a subsequent period of stabilization, but whilst animals remained under general anaesthesia.A small but consistent difference in temperature was recorded between the proximal ampulla and distal isthmus of the same oviduct in each of 20 preovulatory gilts. In 10 of these animals that had not mated, the isthmus was a mean of 0\m=.\43\s=deg\Ccooler than the ampulla (range 0\ m=. \ 2\ p=n-\ 0\ m=. \ 7\ s=deg\ C whereas in 10 mated animals the isthmus was 0\m=.\69\s=deg\Ccooler (range 0\ m=. \ 2\ p=n-\ 1\ m=. \ 6\ s=deg\ C 3 animals in the latter group had within-oviduct differences of \ m=ge\ 1\s=deg\C. By contrast, in 12 animals that had recently ovulated, the isthmus was a mean of only 0\ m=. \ 1\ s=deg\ Ccooler than the ampulla; there was no measurable temperature gradient in 3 of the animals, whilst the isthmus was 0\ m=. \ 1\ s=deg\ C warmer in 2 animals. The preovulatory temperature differences are thought primarily to reflect the extent and activity of the vascular and lymphatic beds in the oviduct tissues and, together with specific chemical microenvironments, may facilitate the relatively prolonged period of sperm storage in the distal portion of the isthmus.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A preovulatory temperature gradient between the isthmus and ampulla of pig oviducts during the phase of sperm storage

Hunter¹,

Nichol²

1986

Reproduction

108

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“…Although seminal plasma was not detected in the oviducts of gilts after mating or artificial insemination by means of biochemical methods (Mann, Polge & Rowson, 1956), radio-opaque fluid (Polge, 1978) or experiments involving the timing of capacitation (Hunter & Hall, 1974), subsequent studies using radio-labelled inseminates suggest that very small amounts of seminal plasma do enter the terminal portion of the oviducts soon after mating and may contribute to decreased spontaneous motility of that region (Einarsson, Iones, Larsson & Viring, 1980) and increased tonus (Einarsson & Viring, 1973). Quite apart from these considerations of size of the oviduct lumen, the temperature of the isthmus may be lower in the pre-ovulatory period, as has been reported for the rabbit oviduct (David, Vilensky & Nathan, 1972), a situation that alters abruptly at ovulation or after ovariectomy. Associated with a modified vascular bed, a lower temperature and oxygen tension would together reduce sperm motility (see Overstreet & Cooper, 1975 ;Cooper, Overstreet & Katz, 1979), as might unique fluids in this region of the duct before ovulation (Roblero, Biggers & Lechene, 1976;Borland, Hazra, Biggers & Lechene, 1977;Hunter & Nichol, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pre-ovulatory arrest and peri-ovulatory redistribution of competent spermatozoa in the isthmus of the pig oviduct

Hunter¹

1984

Reproduction

153

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Summary. Using the surgical approach of post-coital ligation and transection of the distal oviduct at different times relative to ovulation, together with subsequent recovery of the eggs, gilts mated at the onset of oestrus were studied for progression of viable spermatozoa within the isthmus. Results are derived from 76 animals and examination of 1047 eggs.Transection of the isthmus 1\ m=. \ 5\ p=n-\ 2\ m=. \ 0cm proximal to the utero-tubal junction at intervals from 3 to 36 h after mating prevented fertilization in 269 of 270 eggs, whereas 98% of 223 eggs were fertilized in the control oviducts. Transection at 38 h ( pr e\ x=r eq-\ ovulatory), 40 h (peri-ovulatory) and 42\p=n-\44 h (post-ovulatory) after mating yielded, respectively, 5%, 40% and 100% fertilization. The mean number of spermatozoa associated with the zona pellucida increased in a parallel manner. These results, and those obtained with ligatures placed closer to the site of fertilization just after ovulation, indicate a pre-ovulatory arrest of viable spermatozoa in the caudal region of the isthmus for 36 h or more followed by an active ad-ovarian redistribution.

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“…In particular, there may be temperature gradients within the oviduct of oestrous animals [11,[48][49][50]. Values in the literature suggest that these can be of the order of 1°-2°C or more between the caudal portion of the isthmus and the cranial portion of the ampulla in the hours before ovulation.…”

Section: Influence Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations of viscosity in the preliminaries to mammalian fertilisation

Hunter¹,

Coy

Gadea

et al. 2011

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Migration of spermatozoa in the female genital tract will be strongly influenced by the viscosity of the fluids encountered, yet little systematic analysis has been given to such a consideration. This essay reviews the series of milieux confronting a fertilising sperm during its progression to the oviduct ampulla. Two groups are discussed, first those in which ejaculation is into the vagina, second those in which semen enters the uterus during a protracted mating. Viscous glycoprotein secretions that accumulate in the oviduct isthmus of both groups before ovulation are highlighted, as is the environment generated in the ampulla by the post-ovulatory suspension of oocyte(s), cumulus cells and spermatozoa; follicular and peritoneal fluids may also be present. The viscosity of all female tract fluids responds to cyclical variations in temperature, and these exist within the oviduct near the time of ovulation. Gradations in viscosity influence the pattern and strength of sperm flagellar activity and the rate of forward movement. Measurements of sperm motility are currently made in a physiological medium of constant viscosity and temperature, thereby overlooking changes in the female genital tract. A more sophisticated approach might reveal an adequate fertilising potential in a proportion of putatively poor semen samples.

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Temperature Changes in the Different Parts of the Rabbit's Oviduct

Cited by 45 publications

References 6 publications

A preovulatory temperature gradient between the isthmus and ampulla of pig oviducts during the phase of sperm storage

A preovulatory temperature gradient between the isthmus and ampulla of pig oviducts during the phase of sperm storage

Pre-ovulatory arrest and peri-ovulatory redistribution of competent spermatozoa in the isthmus of the pig oviduct

Considerations of viscosity in the preliminaries to mammalian fertilisation

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