Temperature and humidity of the Dr�ger Cato anesthetic machine circuit

Wada, Hiroki; Higuchi, Hideyuki; Arimura, Shinya

doi:10.1007/s00540-003-0174-8

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Gases were assessed using a clinical, main-stream capacitive thermohygrometer (Moiscope, Siynet, Tokyo, Japan; response time, 3 s within the range of 40 to 100%; accuracy, ±0.5°C for temperature and ±3.5% for relative humidity) [12, 13] placed between the distal end of the inspiratory circuit and the Y-piece (“Y-piece” temperature and humidity) (Figure 1). Although this thermohygrometer is designed for continuous monitoring, we took out the sensor from the circuit to dry it up when studies persisted longer than 10 minutes, or when condensation was observed within the circuit adjacent to the sensor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insufficient Humidification of Respiratory Gases in Patients Who Are Undergoing Therapeutic Hypothermia at a Paediatric and Adult Intensive Care Unit

Tanaka

Iwata

Kinoshita

et al. 2017

Canadian Respiratory Journal

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For cooled newborn infants, humidifier settings for normothermic condition provide excessive gas humidity because absolute humidity at saturation is temperature-dependent. To assess humidification of respiratory gases in patients who underwent moderate therapeutic hypothermia at a paediatric/adult intensive care unit, 6 patients were studied over 9 times. Three humidifier settings, 37-default (chamber-outlet, 37°C; Y-piece, 40°C), 33.5-theoretical (chamber-outlet, 33.5°C; Y-piece, 36.5°C), and 33.5-adjusted (optimised setting to achieve saturated vapour at 33.5°C using feedback from a thermohygrometer), were tested. Y-piece gas temperature/humidity and the incidence of high (>40.6 mg/L) and low (<32.9 mg/L) humidity relative to the target level (36.6 mg/L) were assessed. Y-piece gas humidity was 32.0 (26.8–37.3), 22.7 (16.9–28.6), and 36.9 (35.5–38.3) mg/L {mean (95% confidence interval)} for 37-default setting, 33.5-theoretical setting, and 33.5-adjusted setting, respectively. High humidity was observed in 1 patient with 37-default setting, whereas low humidity was seen in 5 patients with 37-default setting and 8 patients with 33.5-theoretical setting. With 33.5-adjusted setting, inadequate Y-piece humidity was not observed. Potential risks of the default humidifier setting for insufficient respiratory gas humidification were highlighted in patients cooled at a paediatric/adult intensive care unit. Y-piece gas conditions can be controlled to the theoretically optimal level by adjusting the setting guided by Y-piece gas temperature/humidity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insufficient Humidification of Respiratory Gases in Patients Who Are Undergoing Therapeutic Hypothermia at a Paediatric and Adult Intensive Care Unit

Tanaka

Iwata

Kinoshita

et al. 2017

Canadian Respiratory Journal

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“…The Cato (Dräger) machine was more effective in warming and humidifying the respiratory gas than the Aestiva machine. [9] The Primus anesthesia workstation also had a significant effect on the temperature, relative humidity, and absolute humidity of the respiratory gas with low FGF. [10] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the temperature and humidity in the anesthetic breathing circuit among different anesthetic workstations

Choi

Min²,

Park

et al. 2017

Medicine

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Background:For patients undergoing general anesthesia, adequate warming and humidification of the inspired gases is very important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in the heat and moisture content of the inspired gases with low-flow anesthesia using 4 different anesthesia machines.Methods:The patients were divided into 11 groups according to the anesthesia machine used (Ohmeda, Excel; Avance; Dräger, Cato; and Primus) and the fresh gas flow (FGF) rate (0.5, 1, and 4 L/min). The temperature and absolute humidity of the inspired gas in the inspiratory limbs were measured at 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 minutes in 9 patients scheduled for total thyroidectomy or cervical spine operation in each group.Results:The anesthesia machines of Excel, Avance, Cato, and Primus did not show statistically significant changes in the inspired gas temperatures over time within each group with various FGFs. They, however, showed statistically significant changes in the absolute humidity of the inspired gas over time within each group with low FGF anesthesia (P < .05). The anesthesia machines of Cato and Primus showed statistically significant changes in the absolute humidity of the inspired gas over time within each group with an FGF of 4 L/min (P < .05). However, even with low-flow anesthesia, the temperatures and absolute humidities of the inspired gas for all anesthesia machines were lower than the recommended values.Conclusion:There were statistical differences in the provision of humidity among different anesthesia workstations. The Cato and Primus workstations were superior to Excel and Avance. However, even these were unsatisfactory in humans. Therefore, additional devices that provide inspired gases with adequate heat and humidity are needed for those undergoing general anesthetic procedures.

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“…O nível ótimo de condicionamento artificial do gás inalado ainda não foi determinado, porém há concordância na literatura em se instituir limites de aquecimento e umidificação desses gases (Tsuda et al, 1977;Forbes et al, 1974;Wada et al, 2003). Estudos prévios estabeleceram uma variação da UA inspirada durante ventilação mecânica entre 23 a 33 mg.L -1 e Temperatura entre 28 a 32°C (Tsuda et al, 1977;Forbes et al, 1974 (Williams et al, 1996).…”

Section: Análise Longitudinal Para Os Parâmetros De Tmc Tt E Acunclassified

“…Por outro lado, o equipamento Dräger possui propriedades de umidificação especiais no sistema respiratório. Este aparelho foi projetado para que o fluxo de gases frescos passe três vezes pela cal sodada, antes de ser enviado para o paciente, além de haver uma placa de aquecimento do gás expirado, para evitar condensação de água no sistema (Wada et al, 2003;Kleemann et al, 1994 Os efeitos da intubação endotraqueal e da anestesia geral no muco respiratório são controversos. Na literatura há estudos que demonstram uma diminuição dose-dependente da velocidade de transporte traqueal em pacientes que receberam anestesia inalatória e com barbitúricos (Ledowski et al, 2006;Cervin et al, 1995, Pizov et al, 1992.…”

Section: Análise Longitudinal Para Os Parâmetros De Tmc Tt E Acunclassified

“…A anestesia geral pode afetar diretamente o batimento ciliar e as propriedades viscoelásticas do muco respiratório (Rubin et al, 1990;Girod et al, 1992). Konrad (1992) (Wada et al, 2003;Gorayb et al, 2004), porém o desempenho do aparelho foi incrementado com a adição do HME. O HME utilizado foi eficiente em aumentar os níveis de umidificação e aquecimento aos gases inspirados e nos parece uma opção simples e com custo baixo para ser empregado em qualquer tipo de ventilador anestésico.…”

Section: Análise Longitudinal Para Os Parâmetros De Tmc Tt E Acunclassified

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Efeito da umidificação dos gases anestésicos nas propriedades físicas e transportabilidade do muco respiratório durante anestesia geral

Yagi¹

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Temperature and humidity of the Dr�ger Cato anesthetic machine circuit

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Insufficient Humidification of Respiratory Gases in Patients Who Are Undergoing Therapeutic Hypothermia at a Paediatric and Adult Intensive Care Unit

Insufficient Humidification of Respiratory Gases in Patients Who Are Undergoing Therapeutic Hypothermia at a Paediatric and Adult Intensive Care Unit

Comparison of the temperature and humidity in the anesthetic breathing circuit among different anesthetic workstations

Efeito da umidificação dos gases anestésicos nas propriedades físicas e transportabilidade do muco respiratório durante anestesia geral

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