Temperature and frequency dependent dielectric response of C3H7NH3PbI3: A new hybrid perovskite

Abstract

Propylammonium lead iodide (C3H7NH3PbI3), a promising hybrid perovskite, is successfully synthesized by a solgel technique. Structural, optical, and dielectric properties have been studied in detail. The dielectric constant, loss factor, electric modulus, and AC and DC conductivity of this hybrid perovskite exhibit strong temperature dependence over the frequency range of 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 8 MHz. The Nyquist plot reveals the distinct contributions of grain and grain boundary to the total impedance. The dielectric constant is found to increase with temperature in the high frequency region. The modified Cole–Cole plot shows that the space charge and free charge conductivity increase with the elevation of temperature, whereas the relaxation time decreases with the rise in temperature. From the modified Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts equation, we perceived asymmetrical nature in electric modulus spectra at various temperatures, which corresponds to the non-Debye type nature of perovskite. It has also been found that, with the elevation of temperature, the imaginary part of electric modulus spectra shifts from the non-Debye type toward the Debye type nature, though failing to acquire exact Debye type response, and emerges as a semiconductor material. AC conductivity of PAPbI3 is illustrated on the basis of the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) mechanism. Activation energy estimated from both modulus spectra and DC conductivity matches well, affirming the similarity between relaxation behavior and conduction mechanism. Along with all these, PAPbI3 possesses a high dielectric constant associated with a small dielectric loss, making it a potential candidate for energy harvesting devices.

Study of charge transfer mechanism and dielectric relaxation of all-inorganic perovskite CsSnCl3

“…Additionally, this demonstrates that, in CsSnCl 3 , the conduction mechanism is on account of the thermally-stimulated charge carriers. 56 Fig. 6(d) displays the variation in the normalized imaginary part of the electric modulus with the normalized frequency of the examined sample for various temperatures.…”

Impedance Spectroscopic Study of Nickel Sulfide Nanostructures Deposited by Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique

“…The second part went through two processes, effective hopping in which after hopping, the ion went to a different position, and unproductive hopping in which hopping ions hopped back to their starting position. During this frequency range competition between these two relaxation processes continued and the increase or decrease in the ratio of effective or unproductive hopping concluded the dispersive area, i.e., the part specifies the two opposing mechanisms which are translational and reorientation hopping processes [ 42 ]. This is either the short-range or localized motion of charge carriers.…”

MCdCl3 (M=CH3NH3, (CH3)2NH2): New Hybrid Perovskites with Large Dielectric Constants for Field‐Effect Transistors

“…Most importantly, these values were lower than those reported for other OIHPs such as C 3 H 7 NH 3 PbI 3 and MAPbBr 3 whose values were <60. [44,50] However, the dielectric losses in the compounds 1 and 2 were lower than 0.1 at the highfrequency range (>10 3 Hz), which reduced the electrical energy dissipation. This allowed these materials to be put forward for potential applications in electronic devices.…”

“…Consequently, when the temperature climbed, the peaks shifted to a higher frequency and tanδ increased, confirming the thermally controlled mechanism. [44] Indeed, the difference in tanδ values between the two composites (1 and 2) was due to the effect of the dipolar polarization presented in perovskite 2. [42] Therefore, the study of electrical conductivity behavior was investigated to clearly understand the material properties and their role in the optoelectronic devices as well as to provide more information about the nature of the transport mechanism.…”

“…[41,42] However, with the increase in temperature from 303 to 423 K, the values of dielectric constants in both perovskites also rose from % 10 2 to % 10 3 which mainly resulted from the charge accumulation at the grain boundaries, the appearance of thermally activated charge carriers, and the electric dipole moment. [43,44] Based on the literature, Table 3 shows a list of dielectric constants for different materials, including OIHPs, organic, and inorganic semiconductors.…”