Temperature and desorption mode matter in capacitive deionization process for water desalination

Huang, Kuan; Tang, Hao

doi:10.1080/09593330.2019.1611941

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Temperature effects, energetic properties, and systemic resistances have been analyzed in other studies. Huang and Tang [75] revealed that high temperature fastened desalination rate but affected the adsorption capacity of CDI. Energy consumption of MCDI is determined by water recovery and salt removal efficiency and can be improved with energy recovery [76].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Function of Ion-Exchange Membrane in Membrane Capacitive Deionization via a Fully Coupled Two-Dimensional Process Model

Zhang

Reible

2020

Processes

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In the arid west, the freshwater supply of many communities is limited, leading to increased interest in tapping brackish water resources. Although reverse osmosis is the most common technology to upgrade saline waters, there is also interest in developing and improving alternative technologies. Here we focus on membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI), which has attracted broad attention as a portable and energy-efficient desalination technology. In this study, a fully coupled two-dimensional MCDI process model capable of capturing transient ion transport and adsorption behaviors was developed to explore the function of the ion-exchange membrane (IEM) and detect MCDI influencing factors via sensitivity analysis. The IEM enhanced desalination by improving the counter-ions’ flux and increased adsorption in electrodes by encouraging retention of ions in electrode macropores. An optimized cycle time was proposed with maximal salt removal efficiency. The usage of the IEM, high applied voltage, and low flow rate were discovered to enhance this maximal salt removal efficiency. IEM properties including water uptake volume fraction, membrane thickness, and fixed charge density had a marginal impact on cycle time and salt removal efficiency within certain limits, while increasing cell length and electrode thickness and decreasing channel thickness and dispersivity significantly improved overall performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Function of Ion-Exchange Membrane in Membrane Capacitive Deionization via a Fully Coupled Two-Dimensional Process Model

Zhang

Reible

2020

Processes

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“…The desorption mode is an important factor to evaluate desorption rate within a cycle of adsorption–desorption. Huang and Tang (2020) estimated the effect of temperature of salt solution and desorption mode on electrosorption performance. The experiments were performed at four different temperatures, 15, 25, 35, and 45° C. There was higher ASAR at higher temperature with lower SAC.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Electrosorption Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in materials and architectures for capacitive deionization: A comprehensive review

Datar

Mane

Jha

2022

Water Environment Research

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Capacitive deionization is an emerging and rapidly developing electrochemical technique for water desalination across the globe with exponential growth in publications. There are various architectures and materials being explored to obtain utmost electrosorption performance. The symmetric architectures consist of the same material on both electrodes, while asymmetric architectures have electrodes loaded with different materials. Asymmetric architectures possess higher electrosorption performance as compared with that of symmetric architectures owing to the inclusion of either faradaic materials, redox‐active electrolytes, or ion specific pre‐intercalation material. With the materials perspective, faradaic materials have higher electrosorption performance than carbon‐based materials owing to the occurrence of faradaic reactions for electrosorption. Moreover, the architecture and material may be tailored in order to obtain desired selectivity of the target component and heavy metal present in feed water. In this review, we describe recent developments in architectures and materials for capacitive deionization and summarize the characteristics and salt removal performances. Further, we discuss recently reported architectures and materials for the removal of heavy metals and radioactive materials. The factors that affect the electrosorption performance including the synthesis procedure for electrode materials, incorporation of additives, operational modes, and organic foulants are further illustrated. This review concludes with several perspectives to provide directions for further development in the subject of capacitive deionization. Practitioner Points Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a rapidly developing electrochemical water desalination technique with exponential growth in publications. Faradaic materials have higher salt removal capacity (SAC) because of reversible redox reactions or ion‐intercalation processes. Combination of CDI with other techniques exhibits improved selectivity and removal of heavy metals. Operational parameters and materials properties affect SAC. In future, comprehensive experimentation is needed to have better understanding of the performance of CDI architectures and materials.

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“…16 Higher temperatures (45 vs 15 °C) have been found in CDI tests to enhance Na + adsorption and desorption rates but reduce the adsorption capacity of Na + . 17 In contrast, there was an improvement in adsorption capacity with increasing temperature of the electrode (from −20 to 60 °C) using porous activated carbon electrodes with an ionic liquid electrolyte. 18 Similarly, for a pseudocapacitor (PEDOT:PSS- coated graphene electrode), the capacity increased by ∼1.5 times, compared to 3.7 times for a capacitor (graphene electrode) with an increase in the temperature from room temperature to ∼39 °C.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In another CDI study using 20 mM NaCl, variable-temperature profiles of feed solution were shown to affect thermodynamic efficiencies by altering the ion structuring and extension charge storage dynamics within the electric double layer (EDL) . Higher temperatures (45 vs 15 °C) have been found in CDI tests to enhance Na + adsorption and desorption rates but reduce the adsorption capacity of Na + . In contrast, there was an improvement in adsorption capacity with increasing temperature of the electrode (from −20 to 60 °C) using porous activated carbon electrodes with an ionic liquid electrolyte .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Analyses of Ion Intercalation/Deintercalation Using Different Temperatures on NiHCF Electrodes for Battery Electrode Deionization

Shi

Newcomer

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Prussian blue analogues are used in electrochemical deionization due to their cation sorption capabilities and ion selectivity properties. Elucidating the fundamental mechanisms underlying intercalation/deintercalation is important for the development of ion-selective electrodes. We examined the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of nickel hexacyanoferrate electrodes by studying different temperatures effects on intercalation/deintercalation with monovalent ions (Li+, Na+, K+, and NH4 +) relevant to battery electrode deionization applications. Higher temperatures reduced the interfacial charge transfer resistance and increased the diffusion coefficient of cations in the solid material. Ion transport in the solid material, rather than interfacial charge transfer, was found to be the rate-controlling step, as shown by higher activation energies for ion transport (e.g., 31 ± 3 kJ/mol for K+) than for interfacial charge transfer (5 ± 1 kJ/mol for K+). The largest increase in cation adsorption capacity with temperature was observed for NH4 + (28.1% from 15 to 75 °C) due to its smallest activation energy. These results indicate that ion hydration energy determines the intercalation potential and activation energies of ion transport in solid material control intercalation/deintercalation rate. Together with the endothermic behavior of deintercalation and exothermic behavior of intercalation, the higher operating temperature results in improvement of ion adsorption capacity depending on specific cations.

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Temperature and desorption mode matter in capacitive deionization process for water desalination

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Exploring the Function of Ion-Exchange Membrane in Membrane Capacitive Deionization via a Fully Coupled Two-Dimensional Process Model

Exploring the Function of Ion-Exchange Membrane in Membrane Capacitive Deionization via a Fully Coupled Two-Dimensional Process Model

Recent progress in materials and architectures for capacitive deionization: A comprehensive review

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Analyses of Ion Intercalation/Deintercalation Using Different Temperatures on NiHCF Electrodes for Battery Electrode Deionization

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