Temperature and body mass drive earthworm (Eisenia fetida) sensitivity to a popular glyphosate-based herbicide

Pochron, Sharon T.; Choudhury, Mahin; Gomez, Rhiannon; Hussaini, S. H.; Illuzzi, Kyra; Mann, Michael B.; Mezic, Mateo; Nikakis, Jaqueline; Tucker, Clara

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.03.015

Cited by 20 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These inconsistent results across studies are difficult to interpret but most likely arise from variations in tested application rates, differences in compared formulations and glyphosate salts, different assessments of earthworm activity and different earthworm species investigated [54]. Our current findings showed that additionally soil properties play an important interactive role.…”

Section: Effects On Earthwormsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…To provide extra food for earthworms, chopped hay (0.5 g pot −1 ) was added to all pots once a week. Most earthworm studies on herbicide effects have been conducted using epigeic compost worms (Eisenia species) [54,63,64] that is a surrogate species in environmental risk assessments [65,66] but commonly do not inhabit agroecosystems. Here, we wanted to test GBH/AI effects on L. terrestris, an anecic species, that indeed inhabits arable fields [41,67].…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we explain a reduced earthworm activity after GBH or AI application compared to hand weeding as an avoidance of glyphosate contaminated leaf material on the soil surface. Further, this difference might be due to (i) known detrimental effects of GBHs and AIs on earthworm activity [48,51,54,69,80,81], (ii) a slightly higher soil moisture in control pots as a result of a higher weed control efficacy of hand weeding as compared to GBH/AI applications and thus lower plant transpiration [48,82]. Another explanation might be that dying roots after GBH/AI application provided a food source for earthworms belowground which shifted their activity from aboveground to belowground [83].…”

Section: Effects On Earthwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other not glyphosate herbicides showed similar impacts on earthworms (E. andrei) for one product-AI pair (Mikado vs. AI sulcotrione), but higher toxicity of the other product-AI pair (Viper vs. AI penoxsulam) [53]. An excellent overview of earthworm studies dealing with GBHs and/or AIs provides Pochron et al 2019 [54]; authors conclude that inconsistent results across studies most likely arise from variations in methodological approaches and the use of different earthworm species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of glyphosate-based herbicides and their active ingredients on earthworms, water infiltration and glyphosate leaching are influenced by soil properties

et al. 2021

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Background Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are among the most often used pesticides. The hundreds of GBHs used worldwide consist of the active ingredient (AI) glyphosate in form of different salts, possibly other AIs, and various mostly undisclosed co-formulants. Pesticide risk assessments are commonly performed using single AIs or GBHs at standard soil conditions without vegetation. In a greenhouse experiment, we established a weed population with common amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus) to examine the effects of three GBHs (Roundup LB Plus, Roundup PowerFlex, Touchdown Quattro) and their corresponding AIs (salts of glyphosate isopropylammonium, potassium, diammonium) on the activity and physiological biomarkers (glutathione S-transferase, GST; acetylcholine esterase, AChE) of an ecologically relevant earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris). GBHs and AIs were applied at recommended doses; hand weeding served as control. Experiments were established with two soil types differing in organic matter content (SOM; 3.0% vs. 4.1%) and other properties. Results Earthworm activity (casting and movement activity) decreased after application of glyphosate formulations or active ingredients compared to hand weeding. We found no consistent pattern that formulations had either higher or lower effects on earthworm activity than their active ingredients; rather, differences were substance-specific. Earthworm activity was little affected by soil organic matter levels. Biomarkers remained unaffected by weed control types; GST but not AChE was decreased under high SOM. Water infiltration after a simulated heavy rainfall was interactively affected by weed control types and SOM. Leachate amount was higher after application of formulations than active ingredients and was higher under low SOM. Glyphosate concentrations in soil and leachate were strongly affected by application of formulations or active ingredients and varied with SOM (significant weed control type x SOM interaction). Conclusions We found that both commercial formulations and pure active ingredients can influence earthworms with consequences on important soil functions. Glyphosate products showed increased, reduced or similar effects than pure glyphosate on particular soil functions; soil properties can substantially alter this. Especially at lower SOM, heavy rainfalls could lead to more glyphosate leaching into water bodies. A full disclosure of co-formulants would be necessary to further decipher their specific contributions to these inconsistent effects.

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Section: Effects On Earthwormsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects On Earthwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of glyphosate-based herbicides and their active ingredients on earthworms, water infiltration and glyphosate leaching are influenced by soil properties

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, sulfonylurea herbicides inhibit the soil nitrogen cycle (including biological nitrogen fixation) in low organic matter soils (Rose et al, 2016). Moreover, the concentration of the increasing herbicide harms the soil microorganism population (Pochron et al, 2019). According to Johnson and Colmer (1955), the microorganism population is reduced as a result of the herbicide concentration in the soil.…”

Section: Effect Of Herbicides Concentration On Soil Quality Indicatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of linear view approach of weed management in agro-ecosystem: A review

Muli¹,

Apori²,

Ssekandi³

et al. 2021

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Weeds are considered a pest that is detrimental to human interest. Weeds compete with cultivated and desirable plants for space, soil nutrient, and sunlight and soil moisture thereby reducing crop productivity. Weeds also serve as a host for pests and pathogens that cause plant diseases. Weeds typically produce large numbers of seeds, assisting their spread, and rapidly invade disturbed sites. Seeds spread into natural and disturbed environments, via wind, waterways, people, vehicles, machinery, birds and other animals. To prevent the effect of weeds on crop productivity, farmers mostly use a linear approach for weed management. The linear view approach aims at eradicating weeds without concern about the environment. This paper reviews the effects of the linear view approach of weed management in the agro-ecosystem. A review using forty-one articles reveals that herbicides application, bush burning and soil tillage are the most often used linear view approach for controlling weeds in the farm ecosystem. The paper highlights the contribution of these weed control methods to climate change through loss of biodiversity, pollution of water bodies, soil degradation, deterioration of fruit quality and release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

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Roundup negatively impacts the behavior and nerve function of the Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa)

Kanabar

Bauer

Ezedum

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Temperature and body mass drive earthworm (Eisenia fetida) sensitivity to a popular glyphosate-based herbicide

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of glyphosate-based herbicides and their active ingredients on earthworms, water infiltration and glyphosate leaching are influenced by soil properties

Effects of glyphosate-based herbicides and their active ingredients on earthworms, water infiltration and glyphosate leaching are influenced by soil properties

Effect of linear view approach of weed management in agro-ecosystem: A review

Roundup negatively impacts the behavior and nerve function of the Madagascar hissing cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa)

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