TEM Applications of EELS

Egerton, R.F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9583-4_5

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 400 publications

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“…To acquire the spectroscopic data, the so-called spectrum imaging technique was adopted. 24 In this technique, the electron probe is scanned over the sample and an EELS spectrum is acquired in each point, together with an annular dark-field signal as image reference.…”

Section: This Journal Is ª the Royal Society Of Chemistry 2012mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fine structure of EELS edges (the so-called energy-loss near-edge structure (ELNES) signature) is known to be sensitive to the local environment of the excited atom through the projected density of unoccupied states. 24,25 The ELNES signature of the boron K-edge and carbon K-edge in these films should therefore contain information on the local B environment. To obtain a sufficient signal to noise ratio for ELNES investigation, EELS spectra were acquired from a diamond-rich and an amorphous carbon-rich region in diffraction mode, using longer acquisition times than for the STEM-EELS data.…”

Section: This Journal Is ª the Royal Society Of Chemistry 2012mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local boron environment in B-doped nanocrystalline diamond films

Turner

Janssens

et al. 2012

Nanoscale

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Thin films of heavily B-doped nanocrystalline diamond (B:NCD) have been investigated by a combination of high resolution annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy and spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy performed on a state-of-the-art aberration corrected instrument to determine the B concentration, distribution and the local B environment. Concentrations of $1 to 3 at.% of boron are found to be embedded within individual grains. Even though most NCD grains are surrounded by a thin amorphous shell, elemental mapping of the B and C signal shows no preferential embedding of B in these amorphous shells or in grain boundaries between the NCD grains, in contrast with earlier work on more macroscopic superconducting polycrystalline Bdoped diamond films. Detailed inspection of the fine structure of the boron K-edge and comparison with density functional theory calculated fine structure energy-loss near-edge structure signatures confirms that the B atoms present in the diamond grains are substitutional atoms embedded tetrahedrally into the diamond lattice.

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Section: This Journal Is ª the Royal Society Of Chemistry 2012mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: This Journal Is ª the Royal Society Of Chemistry 2012mentioning

confidence: 99%

Local boron environment in B-doped nanocrystalline diamond films

Turner

Janssens

et al. 2012

Nanoscale

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“…One can estimate liquid thickness by comparing electron beam currents with and without samples in TEM, at best with some 30% accuracy 29,30 . However, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) is the most frequently used method to calculate liquid sample thickness in TEM based on the log-ratio model that measures thickness relative to the inelastic mean free path (λ IMFP ) 31 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Electron inelastic mean free path in water

et al. 2020

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“…Inner-shell excitations, although less frequent than valence excitations for light elements, deposit more energy in the sample, increasing their contribution to stopping power. The relative contributions of these processes can be judged directly from the features in energy-loss spectra from proteins ( Sun et al , 1993 and Egerton, 2011 ). We will therefore neglect all processes except valence electron excitation, which has been extensively studied by energy-loss spectroscopy in TEM, interpreted using the dielectric response theory ( Howie, 2003 ).…”

Section: Comparison Of X-ray and Electron Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outrunning damage: Electrons vs X-rays—timescales and mechanisms

Spence

2017

Structural Dynamics

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Toward the end of his career, Zewail developed strong interest in fast electron spectroscopy and imaging, a field to which he made important contributions toward his aim of making molecular movies free of radiation damage. We therefore compare here the atomistic mechanisms leading to destruction of protein samples in diffract-and-destroy experiments for the cases of high-energy electron beam irradiation and X-ray laser pulses. The damage processes and their time-scales are compared and relevant elastic, inelastic, and photoelectron cross sections are given. Inelastic mean-free paths for ejected electrons at very low energies in insulators are compared with the bioparticle size. The dose rate and structural damage rate for electrons are found to be much lower, allowing longer pulses, reduced beam current, and Coulomb interactions for the formation of smaller probes. High-angle electron scattering from the nucleus, which has no parallel in the X-ray case, tracks the slowly moving nuclei during the explosion, just as the gain of the XFEL (X-ray free-electron laser) has no parallel in the electron case. Despite reduced damage and much larger elastic scattering cross sections in the electron case, leading to not dissimilar elastic scattering rates (when account is taken of the greatly increased incident XFEL fluence), progress for single-particle electron diffraction is seen to depend on the effort to reduce emittance growth due to Coulomb interactions, and so allow formation of intense sub-micron beams no larger than a virus.

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TEM Applications of EELS

Cited by 18 publications

References 400 publications

Local boron environment in B-doped nanocrystalline diamond films

Local boron environment in B-doped nanocrystalline diamond films

Electron inelastic mean free path in water

Outrunning damage: Electrons vs X-rays—timescales and mechanisms

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