Telomere-specific regulation of TERRA and its impact on telomere stability

Rivosecchi, Julieta; Jurikova, Katarina; Cusanelli, Emilio

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.11.001

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 246 publications

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“…They have UUAGGG repeats formed from transcription of telomeric regions and subtelomere-derived sequences (Figure A) . It has been demonstrated that an increase in TERRAthe G-rich RNAduring the transcription of telomeres may also result in an increase in homologous recombination . Moreover, it has also been proposed that TERRA interferes with telomerase activity, which is responsible for lengthening the telomeric DNA at the ends of the chromosomes.…”

Section: High-ordered Nucleic Acid Structures At the Telomeresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 138 It has been demonstrated that an increase in TERRA—the G-rich RNA—during the transcription of telomeres may also result in an increase in homologous recombination. 139 Moreover, it has also been proposed that TERRA interferes with telomerase activity, which is responsible for lengthening the telomeric DNA at the ends of the chromosomes. Mammalian TERRA molecules have 5′-UUAGGG-3′ sequences that complement the hTR component of the telomerase enzyme’s template region.…”

Section: High-ordered Nucleic Acid Structures At the Telomeresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Motifs at the Telomeres and Their Role in Regulatory Pathways

Alanazi,

Parkinson,

Haider

2024

Biochemistry

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Telomeres are specialized structures, found at the ends of linear chromosomes in eukaryotic cells, that play a crucial role in maintaining the stability and integrity of genomes. They are composed of repetitive DNA sequences, ssDNA overhangs, and several associated proteins. The length of telomeres is linked to cellular aging in humans, and deficiencies in their maintenance are associated with various diseases. Key structural motifs at the telomeres serve to protect vulnerable chromosomal ends. Telomeric DNA also has the ability to form diverse complex DNA higher-order structures, including T-loops, D-loops, R-loops, G-loops, Gquadruplexes, and i-motifs, in the complementary C-rich strand. While many essential proteins at telomeres have been identified, the intricacies of their interactions and structural details are still not fully understood. This Perspective highlights recent advancements in comprehending the structures associated with human telomeres. It emphasizes the significance of telomeres, explores various telomeric structural motifs, and delves into the structural biology surrounding telomeres and telomerase. Furthermore, telomeric loops, their topologies, and the associated proteins that contribute to the safeguarding of telomeres are discussed.

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Section: High-ordered Nucleic Acid Structures At the Telomeresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: High-ordered Nucleic Acid Structures At the Telomeresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Motifs at the Telomeres and Their Role in Regulatory Pathways

Alanazi,

Parkinson,

Haider

2024

Biochemistry

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TERRA and the alternative lengthening of telomeres: a dangerous affair

Azzalin

2024

FEBS Letters

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Eukaryotic telomeres are transcribed into the long noncoding RNA TERRA. A fraction of TERRA remains associated with telomeres by forming RNA:DNA hybrids dubbed telR‐loops. TERRA and telR‐loops are essential to promote telomere elongation in human cancer cells that maintain telomeres through a homology‐directed repair pathway known as alternative lengthening of telomeres or ALT. However, TERRA and telR‐loops compromise telomere integrity and cell viability if their levels are not finely tuned. The study of telomere transcription in ALT cells will enormously expand our understanding of the ALT mechanism and of how genome integrity is maintained. Moreover, telomere transcription, TERRA and telR‐loops are likely to become exceptionally suited targets for the development of novel anti‐cancer therapies.

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