Telomere shortening in alcohol dependence: Roles of alcohol and acetaldehyde

Yamaki, Naruhisa; Matsushita, Satoru; Hara, Sachiko; Yokoyama, Akira; Hishimoto, Akitoyo; Higuchi, Susumu

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.11.007

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In general, their analysis showed shorter TL in patients with alcohol-related disorders if compared with non-alcoholic controls. However, no difference was evident if comparing patients with alcohol-related disorders according to their cancer diagnosis [ 50 ]. Similarly, Martins de Carvalho and colleagues demonstrated that alcohol use disorders were associated with lower relative TL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Alcohol on Telomere Length: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Evidence and a Pilot Study during Pregnancy

Maugeri

Barchitta

Lio

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Several studies—albeit with still inconclusive and limited findings—began to focus on the effect of drinking alcohol on telomere length (TL). Here, we present results from a systematic review of these epidemiological studies to investigate the potential association between alcohol consumption, alcohol-related disorders, and TL. The analysis of fourteen studies—selected from PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science databases—showed that people with alcohol-related disorders exhibited shorter TL, but also that alcohol consumption per se did not appear to affect TL in the absence of alcohol abuse or dependence. Our work also revealed a lack of studies in the periconceptional period, raising the need for evaluating this potential relationship during pregnancy. To fill this gap, we conducted a pilot study using data and samples form the Mamma & Bambino cohort. We compared five non-smoking but drinking women with ten non-smoking and non-drinking women, matched for maternal age, gestational age at recruitment, pregestational body mass index, and fetal sex. Interestingly, we detected a significant difference when analyzing relative TL of leukocyte DNA of cord blood samples from newborns. In particular, newborns from drinking women exhibited shorter relative TL than those born from non-drinking women (p = 0.024). Although these findings appeared promising, further research should be encouraged to test any dose–response relationship, to adjust for the effect of other exposures, and to understand the molecular mechanisms involved.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Alcohol on Telomere Length: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Evidence and a Pilot Study during Pregnancy

Maugeri

Barchitta

Lio

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Case samples presented mean ages ranging between 26.2 and 74.5 years (mean = 47.4), whereas control samples ranged from 33.3 to 75.1 (mean = 55.1). Three studies included men only [55–57] and one study with two analysis units included women only [58]. Related to the type of substance used, five studies investigated alcohol [52–55,57], one alcohol and cocaine [51], one cocaine [58], one tobacco and marijuana [56], one a mixture of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine and morphine [59] and one study did not describe the substances consumed by those diagnosed with SUD [60].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. With one exception [60], every study exhibited shortened telomere length in SUD samples in comparison with controls, with eight studies reaching statistical significance [52,54–60]. An overall effect size of moderate magnitude was found ( d + = −0.63; 95% CI = −1.00 and −0.26; P = 0.0008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in one study this information was reported [57], but in terms of geometric means and not as arithmetic means, and two studies did not apply adjusted analyses [54,56]. Only one study [55] reported statistical data needed to calculate an adjusted standardized mean difference, with a value of d adj = −1.81 (95% CI = −2.10 and −1.52), which was very similar to the unadjusted d index: d = −1.89 (95% CI = −2.18 and −1.59). As shown in Table 3, the variables most frequently used to adjust the SUD‐TL association were the age, sex and smoking status.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, taking d = 0.20 as a threshold in the inverse direction, this method estimated that only 9.2% of true effect sizes exceeded that threshold (95% CI = 0%, 23%). As a sensitivity analysis, the ‘leave‐one‐out’ method was applied, finding three studies whose exclusion led to a change larger than 10% in the overall effect size ( d −1 values = −0.56 [56]; −0.50 [55]) and −0.72 [60]), but in all cases the adjusted overall effect size was statistically significant and of moderate magnitude ( d > |0.50|).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association of telomere length with substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies

et al. 2020

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Background and Aims Several recent studies have investigated the relationship between telomere length and substance use disorders with inconsistent results. We aimed to assess this association and to identify moderators of the relationship. Methods Systematic review and meta‐analysis. Selection criteria were observational studies reporting telomere length in people with a substance use disorder compared with a control group. Studies focused solely on nicotine addiction, employing other study designs, and non‐human studies were excluded. Study selection and data extraction were independently conducted by two researchers following a standardized protocol and included studies until December 2019. Standardized mean differences were used as the effect size index [d; 95% confidence interval (CI)] and random‐effects models were used for the meta‐analysis. Cochran's Q‐statistic, I2 index, visual inspection of the forest plot and a 95% prediction interval were applied to verify study heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses and meta‐regressions were conducted to explore heterogeneity. Small study effects were examined using the ‘funnel plot’, the Egger test, Duval & Tweedie's trim‐and‐fill method and the precision‐effect test–precision‐effect estimate with standard error (PET‐PEESE) method. The risk of bias and the quality of evidence were assessed. Results Ten studies (12 analysis units with 2671 cases and 4532 controls) met the selection criteria. An overall effect size of moderate magnitude was found (d+ = −0.63; 95% CI = −1.00 and −0.26; P = 0.0008). A potential small study effect was detected, as well as large heterogeneity between studies (Q‐statistic P < 0.001, I2 = 97.3%). Selection of controls, reporting laboratory quality control procedures and total sample size significantly affected the effect size. The quality of the evidence was very low, based on risk of bias analysis and the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) system. Conclusions People with substance use disorders appear to have shorter telomere length than controls; however, this finding should be interpreted with caution due to the poor quality of the evidence.

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Effect of alcohol use disorder on cellular aging

et al. 2019

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Rationale Human telomeres consist of tandem repeats at chromosome ends which protect chromosomal DNA from degradation. Telomere shortening occurs as part of natural aging; however, life stressors, smoking, drug use, BMI, and psychiatric disorders could disrupt cell aging and affect telomere length (TL). In this context, studies have evaluated the effects of alcohol consumption on TL; however, results have been inconsistent, which may reflect diverse drinking cut-offs and categorizations. Objectives To help clarify this, the present study addresses the association of TL with alcohol use disorder (AUD), drinking behaviors, lifetime stress, and chronological age. Methods TL was quantified as the telomere to albumin ratio (T/S ratio) obtained from peripheral blood DNA using the quantitative PCR assay, from 260 participants with AUD and 449 non-dependent healthy controls (HC) from an existing National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) database. Results AUD participants showed shorter TL compared to HC with both, age, and AUD, as independent predictors as well as a significant AUD with age interaction effect on TL. TL was also associated with impulsiveness in AUD participants. We did not observe an association between TL and chronicity of alcohol use, alcohol doses ingested, or childhood trauma exposures in either AUD or HC, although very few HC reported a history of childhood trauma. Conclusion Our results support previous findings of telomere shortening with chronic alcohol exposures and show both an effect of AUD on TL that is independent of age as well as a significant AUD by age interaction on TL. These findings are consistent with accelerated cellular aging in AUD.

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Telomere shortening in alcohol dependence: Roles of alcohol and acetaldehyde

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

The Effect of Alcohol on Telomere Length: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Evidence and a Pilot Study during Pregnancy

The Effect of Alcohol on Telomere Length: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Evidence and a Pilot Study during Pregnancy

The association of telomere length with substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies

Effect of alcohol use disorder on cellular aging

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