Telomere Length in Healthy Adults Is Positively Associated With Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Including Arachidonic Acid, and Negatively With Saturated Fatty Acids

Dhillon, Varinderpal S.; Deo, Permal; Chua, Ann; Thomas, Phil; Fenech, Michael

doi:10.1093/gerona/glaa213

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…So far, the associations of the maternal PUFA status with offspring TL have been reported in only two studies, showing no correlations between maternal n-3 PUFAs and TL in newborns and children (30,31), which is inconsistent with our findings. Nevertheless, the associations between n-3 PUFAs and TL have been demonstrated in people with specific lifestyle and dietary patterns (39,(42)(43)(44)(45), and chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and obesity (28,38,46,47). Thus, our findings herein indicate that the poor maternal n-3 PUFA status and/or a higher intake of n-6 PUFAs during pregnancy may shorten TL in the offspring, which is supposed to be a determinant for health and disease susceptibility in later life (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Associations of Maternal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids With Telomere Length in the Cord Blood and Placenta in Chinese Population

et al. 2022

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Few studies have investigated the correlation between maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and telomeres in offspring, and the underlying influential mechanisms. In this study, we assessed the associations of maternal PUFAs with telomere length (TL) and DNA methylation of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter in the cord blood and the placenta. A total of 274 pregnant women and their newborn babies were enrolled in this study. Maternal blood before delivery, the cord blood, and the placenta at birth were collected. Fatty acids in maternal erythrocytes and cord blood cells were measured by gas chromatography (GC). TL in the cord blood and the placenta was determined using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) by calculating the product ratio of telomeric DNA to the single-copy gene β-globin. The TERT promoter methylation was analyzed by DNA bisulfite sequencing. The associations of maternal fatty acids with TL were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression. We found that low concentrations of docosapentaenoci acid (DPA, C22: 5n-3) and total n-3 PUFAs, adrenic acid (ADA, C22: 4n-6), and osbond acid (OA, C22: 5n-6) and high concentrations of linoleic acid (LA, C18: 2n-6) in maternal erythrocytes were associated with the shortened TL in cord blood cells (estimated difference in univariate analysis −0.36 to −0.46 for extreme quintile compared with middle quintile), and that low concentrations of cord blood docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22: 6n-3) were related to the shortened TL in cord blood cells. Differently, high concentrations of α-linolenic acid (LNA, C18: 3n-3), eicosatrienoic acid (EA, C20: 3n-3), DHA, and γ-linoleic acid (GLA, C18:3n-6) in maternal erythrocytes were associated with the shortened TL in the placenta (estimated difference in univariate analysis −0.36 to −0.45 for higher quintiles compared with the middle quintile). Further examination demonstrated that the concentrations of DHA and total n-3 PUFAs in maternal erythrocytes had positive associations with DNA methylation of the TERT promoter in the cord blood instead of the placenta. These data suggest that maternal PUFAs are closely correlated to infant TL and the TERT promoter methylation, which are differently affected by maternal n-3 PUFAs between the cord blood and the placenta. Therefore, keeping higher levels of maternal n-3 PUFAs during pregnancy may help to maintain TL in the offspring, which is beneficial to long-term health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Associations of Maternal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids With Telomere Length in the Cord Blood and Placenta in Chinese Population

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, there are many studies demonstrating that telomere length increases as the n-6:n-3 ratio decreases [ 8 , 10 , 14 ]. Supplementation of dietary Omega-3 fatty acid may also be beneficial in reducing aging [ 42 – 44 ]. Furthermore, a recent MR study, which investigated the association between different fatty acids types and FI, found that, while there wasn’t a strong correlation observed with MUFAs or PUFAs, plasma stearic acid levels, which is one of the saturated fatty acids, showed a statistically significant association with a higher FI (β = 0.178; 95% CI = 0.050-0.307; p = 0.007) [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between fatty acid intake and aging: a Mendelian randomization study

Chen,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Aging

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Background: Observational studies have previously shown a possible link between fatty acids and aging-related diseases, raising questions about its health implications. However, the causal relationship between the two remains uncertain. Methods: Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to analyze the relationship between five types of fatty acids—polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), saturated fatty acid (SFA), Omega-6 fatty acid (Omega-6 FA), and Omega-3 fatty acid (Omega-3 FA) and three markers of aging: telomere length (TL), frailty index (FI), and facial aging (FclAg). The primary approach for Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis involved utilizing the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, with additional supplementary methods employed. Results: Univariate MR analysis revealed that MUFA, PUFA, SFA, and Omega-6 fatty acids were positively associated with TL (MUFA OR: 1.019, 95% CI: 1.006-1.033; PUFA OR: 1.014, 95% CI: 1.002-1.026; SFA OR: 1.016, 95% CI: 1.002-1.031; Omega-6 FAs OR=1.031, 95% CI: 1.006-1.058). PUFA was also associated with a higher FI (OR: 1.033, 95% CI: 1.009-1.057). In multivariate MR analysis, after adjusting for mutual influences among the five fatty acids, MUFA and PUFA were positively independently associated with TL (MUFA OR: 1.1508, 95% CI = 1.0724-1.2350; PUFA OR: 1.1670, 95% CI = 1.0497-1.2973, while SFA was negatively correlated (OR: 0.8005, 95% CI: 0.7045-0.9096). Conclusions: Our research presents compelling evidence of a causal association between certain fatty acids and indicators of the aging process. In particular, MUFA and PUFA may play a role in slowing down the aging process, while SFAs may contribute to accelerated aging. These findings could have significant implications for dietary recommendations aimed at promoting healthy aging.

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“…Among them, 9-OxoODE and 9,10,13-TriHOME are pro-inflammatory and are produced through lipoxygenase-catalyzed linoleic acid metabolism, which can influence the production of inflammatory mediators, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines and leukocyte chemokines ( 42 , 43 ). Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid, which is metabolized mainly through the tapping pathway enzymes that catalyze cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase into metabolites with a variety of biological activities; these metabolites are involved in the genesis and regulation of intestinal inflammation, and reducing their production helps to inhibit the inflammatory process ( 44 , 45 ). Our study demonstrated that DDGS diets were able to attenuate intestinal inflammation and reduce inflammatory mediators by downregulating the concentrations of 9-OxoODE, 9,10,13-TriHOME, and arachidonic acid, thereby reducing the severity of the inflammatory response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding a dried distillers’ grains with solubles diet on the metabolism of the intestinal wall in Guanling crossbred cattle: a preliminary assessment

Luo,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS)-based diets are nutritious and can improve the inflammations and intestinal immunity in livestock. However, there is limited research examining the effect of feeding DDGS-based diets on changes in intestinal metabolites and related pathways in livestock. In this study, six Guanling crossbred cattle (Guizhou Guanling Yellow cattle × Simmental cattle) were selected and divided into a basal diet (BD) group and an experimental group fed with DDGS replacing 25% of the daily ration concentrates (DDGS) (n=3), respectively. Fresh jejunum (J), ileum (I) and cecum (C) tissues were collected for metabolomic analysis. Differential metabolites and metabolic pathways were explored by means of univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. In comparison to the J-BD group, 123 differential metabolites (VIP > 1, p < 0.05) were identified in the J-DDGS group, which (top 20) were mainly divided into superclasses, including lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and derivatives, and organoheterocyclic compounds. Compared with the I-BD group, 47 differential metabolites were obtained in the I-DDGS group, which were mainly divided into superclasses, including lipids and lipid-like molecules and organic acids and derivatives. The C-DDGS vs. C-BD comparison revealed 88 differential metabolites, which were mainly divided into superclasses, including lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic oxygen compounds, and nucleosides. A total of 34 significant metabolic pathways were found (p < 0.05, −log(p) > 1.3). Among them, 3 significant pathways were significantly enriched in the J-DDGS group, 11 significant pathways were significantly enriched in the I-DDGS group, and 20 significant pathways were significantly enriched in the C-DDGS group. Importantly, primary bile acid biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism correlated with intestinal inflammation and immunity by regulating gut microbiota, prostaglandin synthesis, and cell signaling. The data suggest that DDGS-fed cattle unregulated three metabolic pathways mentioned above and that a DDGS-based diet was able to maintain a balance of these three metabolic pathways, thus resulting in improvement of intestinal inflammation and enhanced immunity in cattle. In conclusion, the DDGS diet has the potential to improve intestinal inflammation and enhance the immunity of Guanling crossbred cattle by regulating the metabolic patterns of lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and derivatives, and related metabolic pathways. These results allude to potential metabolic regulatory mechanisms of DDGS diets and also provide a theoretical basis for the application of DDGS in livestock feed.

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Telomere Length in Healthy Adults Is Positively Associated With Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Including Arachidonic Acid, and Negatively With Saturated Fatty Acids

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Associations of Maternal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids With Telomere Length in the Cord Blood and Placenta in Chinese Population

Associations of Maternal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids With Telomere Length in the Cord Blood and Placenta in Chinese Population

Relationship between fatty acid intake and aging: a Mendelian randomization study

Effect of feeding a dried distillers’ grains with solubles diet on the metabolism of the intestinal wall in Guanling crossbred cattle: a preliminary assessment

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