Tellurium, from Copper Anode Slime to High Purity Product: A Review Paper

Mahmoudi, Alireza; Shakibania, Sina; Mokmeli, Mohammad; Rashchi, Fereshteh

doi:10.1007/s11663-020-01974-x

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…As a rule, copper in slime is in elemental form, selenium and tellurium are in the form of selenides and tellurides of copper and noble metals. There is quite a wide range of methods intended to process copper electrolyte sludge determined by the variety of their chemical and phase composition, with the use of both hydro-and pyrometallurgical and combined methods [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Oxidizing-Distillation Technology for the Extraction of Tellurium from a Tellurium-Containing Middling

Nitsenko¹,

Linnik²,

Volodin³

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering

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In this paper, the results of studying aimed at tellurium extraction from its compound with copper in the form of oxides by the pyrometallurgical method are presented. Technical copper telluride of Kazakhmys Corporation LLP containing crystalline phases, %: Cu 7 Te 4 -36.5; Cu 5 Te 3 -28.5; Cu 2 Te -12.9; Cu 2.5 SO 4 (OH) 3 •2H 2 O -16.2 and Cu 3 (SO 4 )(OH) 4 -6.0 was used as an object of research. As a result of the physical and chemical research and technological experiments, the fundamental possibility of processing technical copper telluride by oxidative distillation roasting with the extraction of tellurium into a separate product has been shown. Air oxygen was used as an oxidant. It has been established that a pressure decrease at the same temperature entails an increase in the degree of tellurium extraction. However, from a technological point of view, the value of the degree of tellurium extraction (93.0-98.0 %) at all pressures (within 1 hour) is achieved at a temperature of 1100 °C. Increasing the exposure to 3 hours has a minor beneficial effect. The derived condensate is a free-flowing mixture of crystalline phases of tellurium dioxide and tellurium oxysulfate. This condensate is a middling product for further production of elemental tellurium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Oxidizing-Distillation Technology for the Extraction of Tellurium from a Tellurium-Containing Middling

Nitsenko¹,

Linnik²,

Volodin³

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering

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“…To date, both hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical methods have been used to recover tellurium from copper electrolyte sludge [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Transformations and Tellurium Recovery from Technical Copper Telluride by Oxidative-Distillate Roasting at 0.67 kPa

Nitsenko

Linnik

Володин

et al. 2022

Metals

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This paper presents the results of a study of phase transformations occurring in copper-telluride by-products during its processing of oxidation-distillate roasting at low pressure. The results show that copper telluride is oxidized through intermediate compounds to the most stable tellurate (Cu3TeO6) at low temperatures. The increase in the roasting temperature above 900 °C and the presence of an oxidizer favor the copper orthotellurate decomposition. Thus, the tellurium extraction rate is 90–93% at a temperature of 1000 °С, the oxidant flow rate is 2.2 × 10−2 m3/m2·s, and the roasting time is 60–90 min. One of the decomposition products is copper oxide alloy, which is the basis of the residue. The second product is tellurium in oxide form, which evaporates and then condenses in the cold zone of the condenser in crystalline form. The main constituent phase of the condensate is tellurium oxide (TeO2), which can be further processed during one operation to elemental chalcogen by thermal reduction or electrolytic method.

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“…К настоящему времени основным сырьевым источником получения теллура являются шламы электролизного производства меди. Существует довольно широкий спектр приемов переработки медеэлектролитных шламов, что обусловлено разнообразием их химического и фазового составов [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. При этом преобладают смешанные схемы, включающие оксидирующий обжиг и последующую гидрометаллургическую переработку огарка.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Distillation recovery of tellurium from copper telluride in oxide forms

Nitsenko

Володин

Linnik

et al. 2022

Izv.VUZ. Tsvet. Met.

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The paper presents the results of studies into tellurium extraction from its compounds with copper in the form of oxides by the pyrometallurgical method. Commercial copper telluride of Kazakhmys Corporation LLP containing crystalline phases, wt.%: Cu7Te4 – 36.5; Cu5Te3 – 28.5; Cu2Te – 12.9; Cu2.5SO4(OH)3·2H2O – 16.2 and Cu3(SO4)(OH)4 – 6.0 was used as an object of research. The physical and chemical research and technology experiments showed the fundamental possibility of commercial copper telluride processing by oxidative distillation roasting with the extraction of tellurium into a separate product. Air oxygen was used as an oxidant. It was established that a pressure decrease in the range of 80–0.67 kPa at the same temperature entails an increase in the degree of tellurium extraction. However, the tellurium extraction degree (93.0–98.0 %) at all pressures (within 1 hour) acceptable from the technology point of view is achieved at 1100 °C. Increasing the exposure to 3 hours has a minor beneficial effect. Diffractometric studies of cinders from technology experiments showed a decrease in the content of copper oxides in the pressure range of 80–40 kPa and an increase in the Cu3TeO6 phase content. With a subsequent increase in rarefaction from 40 to 0.67 kPa, there is a noticeable decrease in the amount of cuprite and, as a consequence, a sharp increase in the amount of cuprous oxide. A slowdown in the increase of the copper tellurate volume was noted at pressures of 40–20 kPa, and a sharp drop in its content at pressures below 13.3 kPa. The derived condensate is a free-flowing mixture of crystalline phases of tellurium dioxide (67.7 %) and tellurium oxysulfate (32.3 %). This condensate is a middling product for further production of elemental tellurium.

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Tellurium, from Copper Anode Slime to High Purity Product: A Review Paper

Cited by 26 publications

References 58 publications

Development of an Oxidizing-Distillation Technology for the Extraction of Tellurium from a Tellurium-Containing Middling

Development of an Oxidizing-Distillation Technology for the Extraction of Tellurium from a Tellurium-Containing Middling

Phase Transformations and Tellurium Recovery from Technical Copper Telluride by Oxidative-Distillate Roasting at 0.67 kPa

Distillation recovery of tellurium from copper telluride in oxide forms

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