Teletrabajo y sus impactos: una revisión y análisis bibliométrico

Abstract

El teletrabajo venía incrementando su auge a través del tiempo, y debido a la pandemia (Covid 19) se ha encontrado que viene siendo uno de los temas de mayor importancia en la actualidad, ya que la mayoría por no decir todas las empresas, han tenido que recurrir a él. Esta importancia se ve reflejada en las revisiones que se hizo a través de la búsqueda en la plataforma Web of Science (WoS), haciéndose un análisis de las publicaciones por países, revistas, organizaciones y autores; encontrándose que los países con mayor discusión en el tema, mediante la publicación de documentos son Estados Unidos, Inglaterra y Canadá. Continuando con el análisis de redes, para concluir con la metáfora del árbol, compuesta por raíz (clásicos), tronco(estructurales) y hojas (recientes), este último conformado por cuatro clusters, logrando que la revisión de esta investigación tenga un soporte bibliográfico sólido y mostrando en este análisis el impacto que el teletrabajo tiene en el ambiente en el hogar, costos, satisfacción y salud mental.

Exploring barriers and facilitators of different work modalities from employees' perceptions: insights from workers and recommendations for organizations

“…Conversely, mainly on-site (6) and teleworkers (11) emphasized the ease of mobilization (20), with several citing the benefits of not commuting to work. Other studies have recognized tilework's impact on saving time and money saving related to commuting, although it results in increased household energy consumption (González-Mendoza and Calderon-Contreras, 2022).…”

Teleworking Effects on Mental Health—A Systematic Review and a Research Agenda

“…However, it might say that this new modality of work is an emerging and current phenomenon, which, by necessity, gained new momentum with COVID-19 [ 78 ] and which already allows us to guide an appropriate response to the first research question. From March 2020 onwards, the world was affected by a phenomenon that required adaptation to the numerous restrictions imposed, and the work sphere was no exception [ 67 ]. In recent years, this thematic has been the subject of several studies, registering a growing interest among academics regarding the implications of this phenomenon for both organizations and workers.…”

“…Several authors support the need to ensure favorable working conditions for individuals who are working from home, e.g., [ 62 , 67 ]. To this end, according to these authors, it is necessary to promote social interactions and the practice of emotional support as relevant measures to mitigate the adverse effects of isolation on the mental health of teleworkers.…”

“…In this context, and given the increase in teleworking in recent years, the focus of studies has also been on the role that the pandemic played in the implementation of teleworking and the several challenges that this new work modality entailed. As an example, a study conducted in 2022 aimed to analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to the implementation and rise of teleworking [ 67 ], whose results highlight the fact that the pandemic significantly increased the adoption of teleworking around the world. This type of finding makes it clear that this work pattern had varied impacts on the well-being and mental health of workers [ 70 , 72 ], noting different effects.…”

“…The individuals who did not identify with teleworking were more exposed to psychological stress when compared to other workers. For example, a study concluded that remote work can increase and/or intensify levels of psychological stress, especially in situations of uncertainty, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic [ 67 ].…”