Telephone Usage in the Hearing-Impaired Population

Kepler, Laura; Terry, Mark A.; Sweetman, Richard H.

doi:10.1097/00003446-199210000-00009

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…For behind the ear aids, the handset receiver has to be positioned away from the pinna, with the result that the normal frequency response of the receiver will be distorted (Goldberg, 1975). A recent survey at our facility of 100 hearing aid users showed that over half of them did not use their hearing aids with the telephone, and of those who did, 64% indicated that the telephone/hearing aid interaction caused problems, specifically feedback and amplification of unwanted background noise (Kepler, Terry, & Sweetman, 1990). Even when adequate coupling between the phone and the hearing aid is achieved, word recognition is not necessarily improved.…”

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confidence: 99%

Processing the Telephone Speech Signal for the Hearing Impaired

et al. 1992

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Speech intelligibility scores from 16 subjects with sensorineural hearing loss were evaluated using a digitized version of the California Consonant Test that was presented via headphones through a 300 to 3000 Hz bandpass filter to simulate the telephone band. Each subject was tested with an unprocessed signal that was frequency-equalized to compensate for the individual's hearing loss, and a signal that was equalized and compressed by the use of a compressor compression technique. Subjects were tested at three sound pressure levels above a pure-tone average threshold for frequencies 1 and 2 kHz. Two digital signal processing techniques designed to compensate for high-frequency hearing loss were examined: frequency domain processing and time domain processing. Frequency domain involved modification of the short-term spectrum obtained through a fast Fourier transform, whereas time domain processing involved passing the signal through a bank of finite impulse response filters. Both techniques showed significant intelligibility improvements (15-3070). In a second experiment, 16 additional subjects with high-frequency hearing loss compared an amplified telephone signal to three processed signals: (1) 6 dB per octave emphasis; (2) a signal frequency equalized for their hearing loss; and (3) a signal that was equalized for their hearing loss and was compressed according to their uncomfortable loudness levels. Most subjects preferred the signal with the 6 dB per octave emphasis. (Ear Hear 13 2:70-79)

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Processing the Telephone Speech Signal for the Hearing Impaired

et al. 1992

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“…In a recent study [3], 81% of the respondents with impaired hearing reported that their hearing condition had a moderate Manuscript to severe effect on their use of the telephone. Current available technology such as the Telecommunication Device for the Deaf (TDD) and relay systems limit the spontaneity of interpersonal telephone communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Speech assisted devices and communication techniques are used to compensate for some of the limitations of telephone systems. Some individuals are able to use an amplified handset or a hearing aid in conjunction with the telephone [3]. For those who have severe hearing loss, TDD and relay systems are the only alternative.…”

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confidence: 99%

An HMM-based speech-to-video synthesizer

Williams

Katsaggelos

2002

IEEE Trans. Neural Netw.

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Emerging broadband communication systems promise a future of multimedia telephony, e.g. the addition of visual information to telephone conversations. It is useful to consider the problem of generating the critical information useful for speechreading, based on existing narrowband communications systems used for speech. This paper focuses on the problem of synthesizing visual articulatory movements given the acoustic speech signal. In this application, the acoustic speech signal is analyzed and the corresponding articulatory movements are synthesized for speechreading. This paper describes a hidden Markov model (HMM)-based visual speech synthesizer. The key elements in the application of HMMs to this problem are the decomposition of the overall modeling task into key stages and the judicious determination of the observation vector's components for each stage. The main contribution of this paper is a novel correlation HMM model that is able to integrate independently trained acoustic and visual HMMs for speech-to-visual synthesis. This model allows increased flexibility in choosing model topologies for the acoustic and visual HMMs. Moreover the propose model reduces the amount of training data compared to early integration modeling techniques. Results from objective experiments analysis show that the propose approach can reduce time alignment errors by 37.4% compared to conventional temporal scaling method. Furthermore, subjective results indicated that the purpose model can increase speech understanding.

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“…Approximately 30% of hearing aid and cochlear implant (CI) users are not able to use the telephone, despite the availability of telephone improving devices (6,7). The 2 main reasons for this difficulty are the restricted frequency range transmitted through conventional telephones (300Y3,400 Hz), which thereby limits the high-frequency content of speech (4), and the digital audio signal compression of the telephone switchboard. Users of hearing aids may face additional problems, such as feedback or unwanted noise, when their device is coupled to the telephone, either directly or with the use of various telephone improvement devices or amplifiers (4).…”

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“…The 2 main reasons for this difficulty are the restricted frequency range transmitted through conventional telephones (300Y3,400 Hz), which thereby limits the high-frequency content of speech (4), and the digital audio signal compression of the telephone switchboard. Users of hearing aids may face additional problems, such as feedback or unwanted noise, when their device is coupled to the telephone, either directly or with the use of various telephone improvement devices or amplifiers (4). Hearing-impaired individuals therefore often favor nonverbal communication tools, such as surface mail, fax, short messages (sms), e-mail, teletype writer, or Internet chatting (8,9).…”

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How Internet Telephony Could Improve Communication for Hearing-Impaired Individuals

Mantokoudis¹,

Kompis²,

Dubach³

et al. 2010

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

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Objective: To test, whether modern Internet telephony with a broadband transmission (0.1Y8 kHz) of speech improves speech perception in comparison to conventional telephony (0.3Y3.5 kHz) in hearing-impaired and normal-hearing adults. Study Design: Experimental clinical study. Setting: Audiologic laboratory in a tertiary referral center in Bern, Switzerland. Patients: Twenty-one adult hearing-impaired patients consisting of 11 users of cochlear implants and 10 users of hearing aids were selected from the institution_s database based on pure tone audiograms, speech perception scores, and device settings. Ten normal-hearing adults served as controls. Intervention: Superiority trial of speech perception assessed with Internet versus conventional telephone quality and noninferiority trial of Internet telephone versus frequency restricted, uncompressed audio CD quality. A modern broadband codec was chosen to simulate Internet telephone quality, and ideal network conditions without packet loss were assumed.Main Outcome Measures: Speech perception scores of a monosyllabic word test in quiet and a sentence test in background noise assessed in different audio qualities. Results: Test scores were, on average, 15% (4Y33) higher in the monosyllabic word and 25% (8Y51) higher in the sentence test using Internet versus conventional telephone quality across all subject groups. Speech perception was not significantly different when Internet telephone quality was compared with high-cut CD quality. Conclusion: Internet telephony offers significantly improved speech perception to hearing-impaired and normal-hearing adults under ideal laboratory conditions through doubling the frequency range and through conserving audio quality during digital sound processing.

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Telephone Usage in the Hearing-Impaired Population

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Processing the Telephone Speech Signal for the Hearing Impaired

Processing the Telephone Speech Signal for the Hearing Impaired

An HMM-based speech-to-video synthesizer

How Internet Telephony Could Improve Communication for Hearing-Impaired Individuals

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