Teleconnections Between the Subtropical Monsoons and High-Latitude Climates During the Last Deglaciation

Sirocko, Frank; Garbe‐Schönberg, Dieter; McIntyre, Andrew; Molfino, B.

doi:10.1126/science.272.5261.526

Cited by 295 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our results on monsoon-driven maxima in fluvial nutrient supply and summer upwelling during glacial Terminations I and II match the common expectations on the variability of the monsoon, expectations which are based on (1) the orbital periodicities in the intensity of the Indian monsoon, deduced from sediment records from the Arabian Sea (Clemens et al, 1991;Sirocko et al, 1996), and (2) on atmospheric climate modeling (Prell and Kutzbach, 1987;Kutzbach and Gallimore, 1988;Kutzbach et al, 1996).…”

Section: Variations In the Fertility Of The South China Sea (Premise 6)supporting

confidence: 86%

“…Similar periodicities also occur during Stages 2 and 3, but were not defined precisely because of insufficient time control in this section of core 17940. The 775-year period amounts to approximately one quarter of the 3000-year cycle identified in the local SST record and to half of the salient 1500-year cyclicity, found in monsoon-controlled sediment records from the Arabian Sea (Sirocko et al, 1996), in North Atlantic sediments (Bond et al, 1997), and in particular, in the δ 18 O record of the GISP2 ice core from Greenland during Stages 2 and 3 (Grootes and Stuiver, 1997). Hence the 775-year periodicity may be a harmonics of the 1500-year cycle.…”

Section: Intra-holocene Variations and Periodicities Of The Monsoon Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, interglacials led to wet climate and soil formation in China (Kukla et al, 1988;Banerjee, 1995;Porter and An, 1995). An early Holocene maximum in monsoon moisture was documented in both the Arabian Sea at 11,600-8600 calibrated yr BP (Sirocko et al, 1993(Sirocko et al, , 1996 and China (Pye and Zhou, 1989;Shi et al, 1993; poorly dated in Winkler and Wang, 1993;Porter and An, 1995), and also in a methane maximum of the GRIP ice core (Blunier et al, 1995). Based on a marine sediment record from the Arabian Sea, the Indian monsoon varied in intra-Holocene cycles of about 1050, 1500, and 3000 years (Sirocko et al, 1996), i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An early Holocene maximum in monsoon moisture was documented in both the Arabian Sea at 11,600-8600 calibrated yr BP (Sirocko et al, 1993(Sirocko et al, , 1996 and China (Pye and Zhou, 1989;Shi et al, 1993; poorly dated in Winkler and Wang, 1993;Porter and An, 1995), and also in a methane maximum of the GRIP ice core (Blunier et al, 1995). Based on a marine sediment record from the Arabian Sea, the Indian monsoon varied in intra-Holocene cycles of about 1050, 1500, and 3000 years (Sirocko et al, 1996), i.e. periods similar to the climate cycles found in ice cores from Greenland (Stuiver et al, 1995;Grootes and Stuiver, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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East Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea

et al. 1999

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Based on the study of 10 sediment cores and 40 core-top samples from the South China Sea (SCS) we obtained proxy records of past changes in East Asian monsoon climate on millennial to bidecadal time scales over the last 220,000 years. Climate proxies such as global sea level, estimates of paleotemperature, salinity, and nutrients in surface water, ventilation of deep water, paleowind strength, freshwater lids, fluvial and=or eolian sediment supply, and sediment winnowing on the sea floor were derived from planktonic and benthic stable-isotope records, the distribution of siliciclastic grain sizes, planktonic foraminifera species, and the U K 37 biomarker index. Four cores were AMS-14 C-dated. Two different regimes of monsoon circulation dominated the SCS over the last two glacial cycles, being linked to the minima and maxima of Northern Hemisphere solar insolation. (1) Glacial stages led to a stable estuarine circulation and a strong O 2 -minimum layer via a closure of the Borneo sea strait. Strong northeast monsoon and cool surface water occurred during winter, in part fed by an inflow from the north tip of Luzon. In contrast, summer temperatures were as high as during interglacials, hence the seasonality was strong. Low wetness in subtropical South China was opposed to large river input from the emerged Sunda shelf, serving as glacial refuge for tropical forest. (2) Interglacials were marked by a strong inflow of warm water via the Borneo sea strait, intense upwelling southeast of Vietnam and continental wetness in China during summer, weaker northeast monsoon and high sea-surface temperatures during winter, i.e. low seasonality. On top of the long-term variations we found millennial-to centennial-scale cold and dry, warm and humid spells during the Holocene, glacial Terminations I and II, and Stage 3. The spells were coeval with published variations in the Indian monsoon and probably, with the cold Heinrich and warm Dansgaard-Oeschger events recorded in Greenland ice cores, thus suggesting global climatic teleconnections. Holocene oscillations in the runoff from South China centered around periodicities of 775 years, ascribed to subharmonics of the 1500-year cycle in oceanic thermohaline circulation. 102=84-year cycles are tentatively assigned to the Gleissberg period of solar activity. Phase relationships among various monsoon proxies near the onset of Termination IA suggest that summer-monsoon rains and fluvial runoff from South China had already intensified right after the last glacial maximum (LGM) insolation minimum, coeval with the start of Antarctic ice melt Wang et al. / Marine Geology 156 (1999) prior to the δ 18 O signals of global sea-level rise. Vice versa, the strength of winter-monsoon winds decreased in short centennial steps only 3000-4000 years later, along with the melt of glacial ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Section: Variations In the Fertility Of The South China Sea (Premise 6)supporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Intra-holocene Variations and Periodicities Of The Monsoon Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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East Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea

et al. 1999

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“…al., , 1996 The marine core 74KL [Sirocko et. al., 1993[Sirocko et. al., , 1996] is situated in western Arabian sea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoclimatic data from 74KL and Guliya Cores: New insights

Rangarajan

Sant

2000

Geophysical Research Letters

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Abstract.We analyze multi-proxy climatic records from the 74KL marine core and compare it with the 5•sO record from the Guliya ice core. These records have important implications for the evolution of the Southwest Monsoon System. We observe three distinct climatic events (viz. 19 ka to 13.5 ka, 13.5 ka to 10 ka and 3.4 ka to present) from the last glacial phase to the present. Even though the first two events are well documented in the literature, our combined analysis of data from both the cores suggests alternative mechanisms which could have complemented and strengthened these events. The third, most recent event (occurring between 3.4 ka to present) does not seem to have been well documented earlier. We propose a possible mechanism to explain this event. We identify representative elements which better capture the above events as compared to more commonly used elements.

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East Asia winter monsoon variations on a millennial time-scale before the last glacial-interglacial cycle

Huissteden

et al. 1999

J. Quaternary Sci.

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Grain size and magnetic susceptibility measurements on samples from a typical loess–palaeosol sequence on the central Chinese Loess Plateau are used to reconstruct the Pleistocene East Asian monsoon climate. The coarse‐grained fraction, i.e. the weight percentage > 30 μm of the bulk grain‐size distribution, is used as a sensitive proxy index of the East Asia winter monsoon strength. On the basis of an absolute time‐scale, time‐series variations of this proxy show that winter monsoon strengths varied on millennial time‐scales during the periods 145–165, 240–280, 320–350, 390–440, 600–640, 860–890, 900–930 and 1330–1400 kyr BP. The wavelength of these climatic oscillations varied between 1.89 and 4.0 kyr, as is shown by spectral analysis using the multitaper method. Although numerical simulation experiments show that high frequencies also can arise from measurement errors in the grain‐size analysis, the frequencies prove to be sufficiently stable when the spectral analysis is repeated with a different number of tapers. For the time being, we do not correlate these climatic oscillations with palaeoclimatic records in the North Atlantic deep‐sea sediments because both time‐scales need to be further improved. Our data, however, certainly demonstrate that millennial‐scale East Asian winter monsoon variations in the last 1.4 million years can be detected from terrestrial loess records. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Teleconnections Between the Subtropical Monsoons and High-Latitude Climates During the Last Deglaciation

Cited by 295 publications

References 32 publications

East Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea

East Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea

Paleoclimatic data from 74KL and Guliya Cores: New insights

East Asia winter monsoon variations on a millennial time-scale before the last glacial-interglacial cycle

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