Teknik Penyadapan Pinus Untuk Peningkatan Produksi Melalui Stimulan Hayati

Abstract

The increased demand of pine resin both for domestic and overseas markets has necessitated efforts to enhance pine-sap production. The use of strong acid-based conventional stimulants has been long employed by Perum Perhutani, but questions arise regarding the environment effect as well as growth survival of the tapped pine trees. Consequently, the use of biostimulant deserves thorough consideration, since not only will assure friendly-environmental effects but also securing the sustainability of the pine trees. An experiment was conducted to look into the effect of using biostimulants on the production of sap (exudates) from the tapped pine trees. Three tapping techniques were employed, i.e. mujitech, boring and kedukul. The biostimulant consisted of three kinds (lengkuas, kencur, and red onion), each with three concentration levels (50%, 75%, and 100%). It turned out different tapping techniques seemed not affecting the pine-sap production, nor did the effect of biostimulant concentrations (50-100%). However, different kinds of biostimulants did so, whereby afforded the sap-yield increase the highest (268%) compared to the control (without biostimulants), followed in order by (206%) and red onion (180%). Use of the second and third caused no significant difference. Economically, the use of biostimulant at 50% concetration was effective enough. Further attempts are neseccary to find other alternative biostimulants.

The effect of stimulants and environmental factors on resin yield of Pinus merkusii tapping

“…The limited effect of ETRAT on oleoresin induction in the present experiments may have been related to the weak acidic nature of citric acid compared to sulfuric acid in maintaining resin flow. This result is consistent with the research described by Sukadaryati and Dulsalam (2013), who found the increase of oleoresin production by various biostimulants, but the values were still lower than those of CAS stimulant. Sukadaryati et al (2014) showed that various weak acidic biostimulants did not produce resin as much as sulfuric acid in P. merkusii tapping.…”

“…Unfortunately, those stimulants did not work satisfactorily and were applied only in certain stands (Sukadaryati et al 2014;Darmastuti et al 2016;Lempang 2017). Natural or biostimulant agents were also tried in a P. merkusii stand from Perhutani site (Sukadaryati and Dulsalam 2013). Furthermore, local people employed by Perhutani also used aqueous sulphuric acid in a high concentration to increase oleo-resin yield, which could cause deleterious effects during the economic life of pine trees.…”

Effect of collection period on oleoresin yield of Pinus merkusii

“…[4][5][6] Some studies have been conducted to explore the effect of stimulants on oleoresin yield of Pinus merkusii trees. [7][8][9][10] However, the study regarding the effect of site and tapping period remains limited. Besides site and stimulant factors, tree characteristics have been reported to be related to the resin yield.…”