Teflon: A Decisive Additive in Directly Fabricating Hierarchical Porous Carbon with Network Structure from Natural Leaf

Abstract

Hierarchically porous carbons are of increasing importance due to their special physicochemical properties. The state-of-the-art approaches for synthesizing hierarchical porous carbon with network structure normally suffer from specific chemistries, rigid reaction conditions, high cost, and multiple tedious steps that limit their large scale production. Herein, we present an interesting insight into the important role of Teflon additive in fabrication of hierarchical porous carbon derived from biomass and, thus, use natural Indicalamus leaves for the first time to successfully synthesize hierarchical porous carbon with a three-dimensional morphology of interconnected nanoparticle units by using a facile and post-treatment-free carbonization technique. It is surprisingly found that the addition of Teflon not only reduces the synthesis procedure by combining post-removal of silica and carbonization in a single step but also plays a decisive role in generating the hierarchical carbonaceous network structure with a specific surface area as high as 1609 m 2 /g without any extra activation procedures. Benefiting from the combination of well-developed porosity and valuable hierarchical porous morphology, this type of hierarchical porous carbon has demonstrated attractive liquid-phase adsorption properties toward organic molecules.

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Derived from Sichuan Pepper for High-Performance Symmetric Supercapacitor with Decent Rate Capability and Cycling Stability

“…The discharge curves are almost linear and mirror-symmetric to the charge counterparts with very small IR drop, indicating the good electrical conductivity, desirable charge/discharge activity, and high reversibility of such electrode [4,8,14]. The specific capacitance of this electrode can be deduced according to the following Equation (1), C m = It/ΔVm where C m , I, t, ΔV, and m represent the specific capacitance of the tested working electrode (F g −1 ), the discharge current (A), the discharge time (s), the potential change during a complete discharge process (V), and the mass of active material coated on the working electrode (g), respectively [14,15,16]. As a result, the C m value of HPC-2 is calculated to be 171 ± 12, 162 ± 11, 157 ± 9, 149 ± 10, 144 ± 8, 133 ± 7, 127 ± 8, 121 ± 6, and 113 ± 7 F g −1 at the current densities of 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 A g −1 , respectively.…”

“…Various carbonaceous materials like carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon aerogel and porous carbon have been frequently reported for energy storage devices [9,10]. Especially, porous carbon derived from natural substances stands out and becomes a hotspot in the field of supercapacitor, since its renewable precursor, abundant resources and easy fabrication process make it quite suitable for large-scale production and application [11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. For instance, some effective strategies, including one-step activation, template method as well as combination of carbonization and activation, have been proposed to synthesize porous carbon by adopting wheat straws, rice bran, almond shells, pig nails, plant leaves, corn, silk and starch as raw materials [5,11,12,13,14,15,16,17].…”

Rational Synthesis of Highly Porous Carbon from Waste Bagasse for Advanced Supercapacitor Application

“…Carbon materials, including porous carbons, − graphene, carbon nanofibers, , and carbon nanotubes, are fundamental candidates used as supercapacitor electrode materials. Taking into consideration the decisive role of the specific surface area in determining the charge storage capacity, porous carbons with a large specific surface area (SSA) turn out to be the most promising candidates .…”

Inherent Oxygen‐ and Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon Derived from Biomass of Tamarind Leaf for High‐Performance Supercapacitor Application

“…For EDLCs, accumulation of charge occurs at the electrode–electrolyte interface, whereas fast reversible Faradic reactions take place in pseudocapacitors. [ 3 ] Generally, for EDLC electrodes, carbon materials like porous carbon, [ 4 ] graphene, [ 5 ] and carbon nanotubes [ 6 ] /nanofibers [ 7 ] are commonly used. Out of which, porous carbons are the most promising candidates because of their high specific surface area (SSA).…”