“…The dental X-ray image analysis methods can be categorized in several categories: region growing techniques, edge detection methods, thresholding based, clustering techniques, level set, and active contour, etc., are presented in ‘Image processing methods for dental image analysis’ ( Mahoor & Abdel-Mottaleb, 2004 ; Zhou & Abdel-Mottaleb, 2005 ; Nomir & Abdel-Mottaleb, 2005 , 2007 ; Gao & Chae, 2008 ; Oprea et al, 2008 ; Patanachai, Covavisaruch & Sinthanayothin, 2010 ; Harandi & Pourghassem, 2011 ; Hu et al, 2014 ; Amer & Aqel, 2015 ; Zak et al, 2017 ; Avuçlu & Bacsçiftçi, 2020 ) ( Rad et al, 2015 ; Tuan, Ngan & Son, 2016 ; Poonsri et al, 2016 ; Son & Tuan, 2016 , 2017 ; Ali et al, 2018 ; Alsmadi, 2018 ; Obuchowicz Rafałand Nurzynska et al, 2018 ; Tuan et al, 2018 ; Fariza et al, 2019 ; Kumar, Bhadauria & Singh, 2020 ).…”