Teens, Drugs, &amp; Vegas: Toxicological surveillance of illicit prescription and illegal drug abuse in adolescents (12–17 years) using post-mortem data in Clark County, Nevada from 2005 to 2015

Paul, Anthea B. Mahesan; Simms, Lary; Mahesan, Andrew A.; Belanger, Eric C.

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2018.04.002

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This data might reflect the easiness by which benzodiazepines are available to children, also because of their diffuse misuse in the general population. The increased use of benzodiazepines in adolescents is a wide spreading social phenomenon also confirmed by the scientific literature [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Childhood acute poisoning in the Italian North-West area: a six-year retrospective study

et al. 2020

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Background: Data about acute poisoning in Italian pediatric patients are obsolete or absent. This study would partially fill this exiting gap and compare the scene with others around the world. Methods: A retrospective evaluation was performed on a 2012-2017 data registry of the Children's Emergency Department at the Regina Margherita Hospital of Turin, where 1030 children under age 14 were accepted with a diagnosis of acute intoxication. Results: The median age of the patients was 2.2 years (IQR 2.3) and 55% were male. Events occurred mostly in children aged 1-4 years (n = 751, 72.9%). Six hundred and eight patients (59%) were exposed to Nonpharmaceutical agents, the household cleaning products being the more frequent (n = 298, 49%). Exposure to Pharmaceuticals were 422 (41%); the most common Pharmaceuticals were analgesics (n = 88, 20.8%), psychotropics (n = 77, 18.2%) and cardiovascular (n = 53, 12.6%) drugs. The 85% of the intoxications occurred accidentally, the 10.6% as therapeutic error, the 2.3% as suicide attempts and the 1.5% for recreational purposes. No patient died. Conclusions: Despite acute poisoning being a relevant problem in pediatric emergency, our results would seem to paint a less worrying picture if compared to other countries, mainly when considering the children hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit and the number of deaths. Nevertheless, our study might represent a tool for public health authorities to program incisive interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Childhood acute poisoning in the Italian North-West area: a six-year retrospective study

et al. 2020

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“…In addition, males were roughly 1.5 times as likely to use marijuana as females [39]. In Clark County, NV, marijuana was the most common illicit drug in toxicology reports of adolescents, found in 28% of cases [40] although this may represent a possible bias in toxicology reporting in that cohort and not reflect the population in general.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postmortem THC in decedents following legalization of recreational cannabis in Clark County, Nevada

Neiswenter

Tupu

Cross

et al. 2022

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Marijuana is the most prevalent illicit substance used globally. With increasing US legalizing recreational marijuana, more evidence is vital to minimize potential health risks.This study was conducted to test several hypotheses regarding postmortem THC/ COOH-THC in decedents before and after legalization of recreational marijuana in Nevada. We also compared presence of THC/COOH-THC in decedents with respect to manner of death as recorded by the Clark County Office of the Coroner/Medical Examiner. THC/COOH-THC concentrations for years 2015-2016 (pre-legalization) and 2017-2019 (post-legalization) were compared through an independent samples t-test and chi-square tests. A binary logistic regression was used to compare the presence of THC/COOH-THC with covariates: age, gender, race, and manner of death. The average concentration of THC/COOH-THC detected per decedent did not significantly differ before and after recreational legalization, whereas the proportion of decedents testing positive for THC showed a small but significant increase following legalization although no significant change in COOH-THC was detected. The likelihood of testing positive for THC/COOH-THC decreased as age increased. Sex, race, and manner of death were all associated with the relative risk of presence of THC/COOH-THC in toxicology reports.An increase in proportion of users but not in concentration of THC/COOH-THC was observed after legalization. The results are generally consistent with national reports and suggest toxicology data from decedents is a valuable method for surveying marijuana use by the general public. The early adoption of recreational marijuana by neighboring states may have precluded any major changes in use following legalization in Nevada.

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“…SU is a prevalent problem in adolescence [ 1 , 13 ]. The focus on adolescents is of great importance because of their vulnerability [ 6 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substance use (SU) represents a preventive medicine dilemma in any society. The users may consume different types of substances that have been legal or accepted for public use (alcohol), shared for conditions other than medical use without prescription (prescription substances), or prohibited by law for public use (illicit substance) [ 1 ]. SU is considered a risk factor for morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Substance Use among Adolescents: A Retrospective Study (2017–2018) in the Toxicology Unit, University Hospital of Lille, France

Aly

Omran

Gaulier

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Research on adolescent substance use is of utmost importance. Using local toxicological data, both prevalence and pattern of substance use (SU) and substance-related death (SRD) can be assessed to design effective prevention programs. A retrospective study of toxicology investigations of all adolescents referred to the medico-legal section of the Toxicology Unit of the University Hospital of Lille, France, for a 2-year period from 2017 to 2018. In the total sample of 1961 cases, adolescents accounted for 3.3% of the cases (n = 65). Among the adolescents, 16.9% were aged 10–14 years and 83.1% were aged >14–19 years. About 69.2% were males. More than half of the presented adolescents used substances. More than two-thirds of positive detections were male. Illicit substances (32%) were the most detected substance followed by alcohol (20%) and prescription substances (20%). Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was extremely common as it was found in 29% of all adolescents. Cocaine and amphetamines were detected in 13.8% of total tested adolescents. Polysubstance use was common between alcohol and THC and among males. About one-third of deaths were due to substance use. About 54% of SRD was associated with polysubstance detection. It is recommended that illicit substances, ethanol, and prescription substances are targeted for testing among adolescents in order to provide appropriate prevention.

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Teens, Drugs, & Vegas: Toxicological surveillance of illicit prescription and illegal drug abuse in adolescents (12–17 years) using post-mortem data in Clark County, Nevada from 2005 to 2015

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Childhood acute poisoning in the Italian North-West area: a six-year retrospective study

Childhood acute poisoning in the Italian North-West area: a six-year retrospective study

Postmortem THC in decedents following legalization of recreational cannabis in Clark County, Nevada

Substance Use among Adolescents: A Retrospective Study (2017–2018) in the Toxicology Unit, University Hospital of Lille, France

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