Teenagers under the knife: a decivilising process

Clement, Matt

doi:10.1080/13676261003802406

Cited by 22 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Knife-carrying as Protection: Through such perceptions (designated as intimate knowledge within the social field of the gang), the Survival narrative becomes the most dominant. Clements (2010) analyses knife crime within the framework of Elias (2000) and Wacquant (2004), noting the 'decivilising 'effects of educational exclusion and institutional abandonment in 'neighbourhoods of relegation', (Wacquant 2008b: 116). Clements argues cogently that a widening of embedded poverty generates 'decivilising spurts' (Elias 2000), which in turn reinforces relative deprivation and group exclusion.…”

Section: The Street Gang As a Social Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting to the Point? Reframing Narratives on Knife Crime

Harding¹

2020

Youth Justice

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Amid rising public concern of knife-enabled crime, this article seeks to review and reframe the contemporary debates on knife crime which remain tied to concepts of fear, protection and fashion. Concepts of social field theory and street capital theory have much to offer in reframing a more contemporary narrative. Through such analysis, knife crime can be redefined as a logical response to the unpredictable asymmetrics of the social field, offering mechanisms for agency and control while providing both a pressure release and opportunity to demonstrate authenticity in ‘The Game’.

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Section: The Street Gang As a Social Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting to the Point? Reframing Narratives on Knife Crime

Harding¹

2020

Youth Justice

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“…Three studies investigated the impact of school exclusion on involvement in knife crime (19,21,32) . However, one study did not show a clear association between education and gang membership.…”

Section: Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies investigated parental relationships in association with knife crime and all identi ed that strong parental attachment acted as a protective factor (19,22) . At age 15, a cohort study found con icts with parents increased risk of victimisation and offending (20) .…”

Section: Relationships Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors associated with knife-crime in United Kingdom among young people aged 10-24 years: A systematic review.

Haylock

Boshari

Alexander

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Since 2013, the number of violent crimes and offences by sharp instruments have increased continually, following a previous decrease, with majority of cases occurring among young people and in London. There is limited understanding surrounding the drivers influencing this change in trends, with mostly American-based research identifying risk factors. Methods The aim of this review is to identify and synthesise evidence from a range of literature to identify risk factors associated with weapon-related crime, for young people (aged 10-24 years) within the UK. A search strategy was generated to conduct a systematic search of published and grey literature within four databases (EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO, and OpenGrey), identifying papers within a UK-context. Abstracts and full texts were screened by two independent reviewers to assess eligibility for inclusion, namely study focus in line with the objectives of the review. Weight of Evidence approach was utilised to assess paper quality, resulting in inclusion of 16 papers. Thematic analysis was conducted for studies to identity and categorise risk factors according to the WHO ecological model. Results No association was found between gender or ethnicity and youth violence, contrasting current understanding shown within media. Multiple research papers identified adverse childhood experiences and poor mental health as positively associated with youth and gang violence. It was suggested that community and societal risk factors, such as discrimination and economic inequality, were frequently linked to youth violence. A small number of studies were included within the review as this is a growing field of research, which may have led to a constrained number of risk factors identified. Due to heterogeneity of studies, a meta-analysis could not be conducted. As many studies displayed positive results, publication bias may be present. Conclusions Several risk factors were identified, with evidence currently heterogeneous with minimal high-quality studies. However, findings highlight key areas for future research, including the link between poor mental health and knife-crime, and the trajectory into gangs. Risk factors should help identify high-risk individuals, targeting them within mitigation strategies to prevent involvement within crime. This should contribute to efforts aimed at reducing the rising crime rates within UK. Systematic Review Registration Number: CRD42019138545Registered at PROSPSERO: 16/08/2019

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“…2010; Legleye et al, 2010;McCaffrey, Pacula, Han & Ellickson, 2010;Mounteney, Haugland, & Skutle, 2010;), problemas de salud (Needham, Crosnoe & Muller, 2004;Van Heesch, Bosma, Traag & Otten, 2012), trastornos psiquiátricos (Vander Stoep, Weiss, Kuo, Cheney & Cohen, 2003) o falta de motivación para el estudio (Hodis, Meyer, McClure, Weir & Walkey, 2011;Walkey, McClure, Meyer & Weir, 2013); factores socioculturales, como las diferencias raciales (Oliver, de Botton, Soler & Merrill, 2011),y culturales (Calderón-Almendros, 2011;Sanderson, 2008) o la influencia de contextos en los que se hace presente la delincuencia juvenil (Clement, 2010;Ewert, Sykes & Pettit, 2014;Hirschfield, 2009); factores familiares (Bohon, Garber & Horomtz, 2007;Grant, 2012) y factores educativos (Gandara & Orfield, 2012;Pharris-Ciurej, Hirschman, & Willhoft, 2012;Ruiz-Gallardo, Verde, & Valdés, 2013;Warren & Jenkins, 2005).…”

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Análisis del discurso político en España sobre el fracaso escolar en Twitter

Domingo

Martos

2016

EPAA

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Resumen: Los partidos políticos incorporan twitter a sus perfiles públicos como una herramienta de comunicación y propaganda. El fracaso escolar ha sido un tema recurrente en esta agenda política. La comprensión profunda de esta realidad compleja exige realizar un análisis crítico de los medios en los que se produce y vehiculiza el debate. En ellos se genera un estado de opinión y un discurso oficial y mediático. El estudio caracteriza las temáticas, orientaciones e intencionalidades subyacentes en los discursos políticos sobre fracaso escolar en las cuentas de los principales partidos políticos españoles con representación parlamentaria. Utiliza el análisis de redes y medios, desde el análisis crítico del discurso y la teoría fundamentada. Twitter es de especial interés por ofrecer una síntesis del pensamiento. Se ha prestado atención a sistematizar la búsqueda y captura de la información para evitar la volatilidad del contenido. Los resultados informan que no importa la comprensión del fracaso escolar, se ignora o bien se utiliza como arma arrojadiza para justificar las políticas del partido y desprestigiar las ajenas. El discurso en twitter ofrece pues un acercamiento eminentemente ideológico; una caracterización del fracaso escolar desde la simplificación de las cifras; y una visión del mismo como producto. Palabras clave: política educativa; fracaso escolar; redes sociales; reforma educativa; problemas socialesAnalysis of the political discourse in Spain about school failure on Twitter Abstract: Political parties incorporate their public profiles on Twitter as a tool of communication and advertising. School failure has been a recurring theme in this policy agenda. The deep understanding of this complex reality requires a critical analysis of the media in which it occurs and conveys. This study characterizes this theme-guidelines and underlying intentions of political discourses about school failure in the accounts of the main Spanish political parties with parliamentary representation. It uses critical discourse analysis and grounded theory as a lens to view media and networks, with Twitter as a particular focus. Paying particular attention to systematize the search and seizure of information so as to avoid the volatility of the content, the results suggested that understanding of school failure does not matter: it is ignored or is used as a weapon to justify the party's policies and to discredit those of others political parties. Discourse on Twitter offers a highly ideological approach to a characterization of school failure from the simplification of the figures and accompanying visions of school failure. Análise do discurso político na Espanha sobre o insucesso escolar no TwitterResumo: Os partidos políticos incorporar os seus perfis públicos no Twitter como uma ferramenta de comunicação e publicidade. O fracasso escolar tem sido um tema recorrente nesta agenda política. A profunda compreensão dessa realidade complexa requer uma análise crítica dos meios de comunicação em que ocorre e transmite. Na análi...

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Teenagers under the knife: a decivilising process

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Getting to the Point? Reframing Narratives on Knife Crime

Getting to the Point? Reframing Narratives on Knife Crime

Risk factors associated with knife-crime in United Kingdom among young people aged 10-24 years: A systematic review.

Análisis del discurso político en España sobre el fracaso escolar en Twitter

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