Tedavi Öncesi Yüksek Nikotin Bağımlılığı Sigarayı Bırakma Sonrası Diyabet Riskini Artırır mı?

Abstract

Aim:This study aimed to observe the pre-treatment nicotine dependence level (NDL) and the change in diabetes risk screening results during the post-cessation period.Material and Methods: In the current study, 527 current smokers who applied to a tertiary hospital for smoking cessation treatment between February 2019 and July 2019 were included. Firstly, a questionnaire (containing demographic data, the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test; FTND, and the American Diabetes Association; ADA Diabetes Risk Screening Tool) was applied. In the second stage, smoking cessation status and diabetes risk of 279 patients who could be reached by phone after 6 months were re-evaluated. Results:Based on initial results, 33.6% of nicotine addicts were heavy smokers and 20.5% had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. Although FNBT score and diabetes risk score (p = 0.002, r = 0.133) were related, NDL was not effective in the presence of T2DM risk before quitting (p = 0.08). Increased post-cessation T2DM risk was detected in quitters (25.3%) versus current smokers (13.5%).Six-month follow-up indicated that the rate of diabetes risk among current smokers was 46% of quitters (p=0.01, OR=0.46;0.25-0.86). The diabetes risk presence related to pre-treatment heavy dependence among quitters (54.1%) was higher than mild (13.5%) or moderate (32.4%) nicotine dependence (p=0.004). Although final BMI was not different between quitters and smokers (p=0,58), there was a significant increase in BMI between baseline and final visits (p<0.001; Z=−10.39). Both current smokers and quitters had similar age and gender demographics (p=0.64, p=0.37, respectively). Conclusion:Particularly heavy smokers might be aware that smoking cessation would be more rational with a lifestyle change to prevent diabetes risk of the post-cessation period. Our study would contribute to knowledge about smoking, post-cessation, and T2DM risk.