Tectonostratigraphic evolution of Enjefa’s marginal marine Holocene deposits: highlighting the final stage of Kuwait’s emergence

Surface Geology of Kuwait

“…The upper shoreface facies are relatively thin (*50 cm), fine-to-coarse grain size sands that are characterized by large-scale trough cross-bedding (trough width ⪰ 2.5 m), and ophiomorpha burrows. Amer et al (2018) indicated that the paleocurrent direction of these facies is predominantly to the NW. The third facies over this facies association is the foreshore facies that rarely exceed 20 cm in thickness.…”

“…1.1). The composite height of the exposed stratigraphic sequence has a total thickness of 3 m (Amer et al, 2018). The age of the exposed lithofacies was largely assumed to be Quaternary in age (Khalaf, 1988).…”

“…Though Tanoli et al (2012) and Tanoli (2015) attempted to study the sedimentary structures and lithofacies overview of the exposed unit, it was not until Amer et al (2018) studied the detailed facies architecture and tectonostratigraphic significance of this exposure and how it documented the final stages of Kuwait's uplift and emergence. Amer et al (2018) suggested that the Ahmadi Ridge has played a significant role in shaping the depositional patterns of the lateral accretion facies of the tidal channel facies association. This work was followed by a detailed 3D geological model reconstruction for outcrop by Amer et al (2019b) for educational purposes.…”

“…The Enjefa Beach exposure is composed of marginal marine deposits that consist of two genetically related facies associations. These are shoreface facies association and tidal channel facies association (Amer et al, 2018) (Fig. 1.1).…”

“…Based on the work performed by Amer et al, (2018Amer et al, ( , 2019b, the shoreface facies association can be divided into three genetically depositional facies. These are middle shoreface, upper shoreface, and foreshore facies.…”