Tectonics of the southern Asian Plate margin along the Karakoram Shear Zone: Constraints from field observations and U–Pb SHRIMP ages

Jain, Arvind K.; Singh, Sandeep

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2007.11.048

Cited by 62 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, this shear zone becomes a thrust 22,39 in the southeast around Leh. SSZ contains dismembered ultramafics-mafic and sedimentary bodies along the Nubra-Shyok Valleys, where these are thrust over LB or Shyok Volcanics 16,40 . Narrow strips of mylonite, volcanics, sediments and serpentinite characterize the dextral transpressional Karakoram Shear Zone (KSZ) between SSZ and Karakoram batholithmetamorphics complex along the southern Asian Plate margin with initial thrust movements (Figure 1 b) 34 .…”

Section: Geological Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These models range from effects of thrusting along the MCT 21 , its northwards tilting 22 or effects of the Karakoram Fault Zone 18 . 40 Ar/ 39 Ar hornblende, biotite and K-feldspar ages between 52 and 44 Ma record an Early Eocene rapid cooling and a slow cooling between c. 30 and 10 Ma (refs 15,18), like the Deosai plateau in the west 20 . In contrast, (U-Th)/He zircon-apatite and apatite fission-track (AFT) ages reveal rapid Early Miocene 22  2 Ma cooling of the LB 21,22 .…”

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confidence: 98%

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Early–Middle Eocene Exhumation of the Trans-Himalayan Ladakh Batholith, and the India–Asia Convergence

Kumar¹,

Jain²,

Lal³

et al. 2017

Current Science

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Section: Geological Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Early–Middle Eocene Exhumation of the Trans-Himalayan Ladakh Batholith, and the India–Asia Convergence

Kumar¹,

Jain²,

Lal³

et al. 2017

Current Science

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“…However, the granites they matched in the Pamirs to the Gangdese granites in southern Tibet were never part of the same batholith and have a different mineralogy, composition and age (Searle 1996;Searle et al 1998Searle et al , 2010aRobinson et al 2004Robinson et al , 2007. Estimates of geological offsets along the Karakoram Fault range from almost none (Jain & Singh 2008) through a minimum of 25 km (Searle et al 2010a), 65 AE 5 km (Murphy et al 2000), c. 120 km Phillips et al 2004) to 149-167 km (Robinson 2009a). Robinson (2009b) suggested that the northern part of the Karakoram Fault was no longer active based on detailed mapping of Quaternary deposits.…”

Section: 'Rigid Block' Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results are consistent with the apparent lack of neotectonic activity along the Nubra valley (Brown et al 2002) and the general lack of seismicity along the fault today. Jain & Singh (2008) interpreted the undeformed Tirit granodiorite as intruding the main penetrative shear fabric of the KSZ and therefore proposed that motion along the Karakoram Fault occurred between 75 and 68 Ma. However, the calc-alkaline Tirit granodiorite is petrologically, geochemically and structurally part of the Ladakh batholith (Weinberg et al 2009) and, furthermore, is entirely SW of the trace of the Karakoram Fault in the Nubra valley.…”

Section: Geological Offsets Along the Karakoram Faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the calc-alkaline Tirit granodiorite is petrologically, geochemically and structurally part of the Ladakh batholith (Weinberg et al 2009) and, furthermore, is entirely SW of the trace of the Karakoram Fault in the Nubra valley. Interestingly, Jain & Singh (2008) reported physical continuity of the Baltoro granite batholith across the Karakoram Fault in the Nubra valley region, implying no Tertiary offset. They stated: 'Cross-cutting granite and later pegmatitic granite dykes characterize the southern front and appear to have intruded even the KSZ between ,20-14 Ma, thus precluding any largescale strike-slip movements along the KSZ' (Jain & Singh 2008, p. 13).…”

Section: Geological Offsets Along the Karakoram Faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crustal–lithospheric structure and continental extrusion of Tibet

Searle

Elliott

Phillips

et al. 2011

JGS

237

154

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Crustal shortening and thickening to c. 70-85 km in the Tibetan Plateau occurred both before and mainly after the c. 50 Ma India-Asia collision. Potassic-ultrapotassic shoshonitic and adakitic lavas erupted across the Qiangtang (c. 50-29 Ma) and Lhasa blocks (c. 30-10 Ma) indicate a hot mantle, thick crust and eclogitic root during that period. The progressive northward underthrusting of cold, Indian mantle lithosphere since collision shut off the source in the Lhasa block at c. 10 Ma. Late Miocene-Pleistocene shoshonitic volcanic rocks in northern Tibet require hot mantle. We review the major tectonic processes proposed for Tibet including 'rigid-block', continuum and crustal flow as well as the geological history of the major strikeslip faults. We examine controversies concerning the cumulative geological offsets and the discrepancies between geological, Quaternary and geodetic slip rates. Low present-day slip rates measured from global positioning system and InSAR along the Karakoram and Altyn Tagh Faults in addition to slow long-term geological rates can only account for limited eastward extrusion of Tibet since Mid-Miocene time. We conclude that despite being prominent geomorphological features sometimes with wide mylonite zones, the faults cut earlier formed metamorphic and igneous rocks and show limited offsets. Concentrated strain at the surface is dissipated deeper into wide ductile shear zones.

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Age and structure of the Shyok suture in the Ladakh region of northwestern India: Implications for slip on the Karakoram fault system

et al. 2015

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A precise age for the collision of the Kohistan-Ladakh block with Eurasia along the Shyok suture zone (SSZ) is one key to understanding the accretionary history of Tibet and the tectonics of Eurasia during the India-Eurasia collision. Knowing the age of the SSZ also allows the suture to be used as a piercing line for calculating total offset along the Karakoram Fault, which effectively represents the SE border of the Tibetan Plateau and has played a major role in plateau evolution. We present a combined structural, geochemical, and geochronologic study of the SSZ as it is exposed in the Nubra region of India to test two competing hypotheses: that the SSZ is of Late Cretaceous or, alternatively, of Eocene age. Coarse-continental strata of the Saltoro Molasse, mapped in this area, contain detrital zircon populations suggestive of derivation from Eurasia despite the fact that the molasse itself is deposited unconformably onto Kohistan-Ladakh rocks, indicating that the molasse is postcollisional. The youngest population of detrital zircons in these rocks (approximately 92 Ma) and a U/Pb zircon date for a dike that cuts basal molasse outcrops (approximately 85 Ma) imply that deposition of the succession began in the Late Cretaceous. This establishes a minimum age for the SSZ and rules out the possibility of an Eocene collision between Kohistan-Ladakh and Eurasia. Our results support correlation of the SSZ with the Bangong suture zone in Tibet, which implies a total offset across the Karakoram Fault of approximately 130-190 km.

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Tectonics of the southern Asian Plate margin along the Karakoram Shear Zone: Constraints from field observations and U–Pb SHRIMP ages

Cited by 62 publications

References 46 publications

Early–Middle Eocene Exhumation of the Trans-Himalayan Ladakh Batholith, and the India–Asia Convergence

Early–Middle Eocene Exhumation of the Trans-Himalayan Ladakh Batholith, and the India–Asia Convergence

Crustal–lithospheric structure and continental extrusion of Tibet

Age and structure of the Shyok suture in the Ladakh region of northwestern India: Implications for slip on the Karakoram fault system

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