Tectonic significance of an earthquake sequence in the Zacoalco half-graben, Jalisco, Mexico

Pacheco, J. F.; Mortera-Gutiérrez, C. A.; Delgado, Hugo; Singh, S. K.; Valenzuela, R.; Shapiro, N. M.; Santoyo, Miguel A.; Hurtado, A.; Barrón, Ricardo; Gutiérrez-Moguel, Esteban

doi:10.1016/s0895-9811(99)00039-5

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…According to Ferrari and Rosas-Elguera (2000), the Pleistocene geologic slip rates are 0:1 mm=yr for the Amatlán de Cañas and San Marcos faults, whereas Global Positioning System geodetic measurements by Selvans et al (2011) indicate a current maximum extension rate of ≤ 8 mm=yr across the Ameca-San Marcos fault system. Crustal microseismicity was recorded by local networks in the Zacoalco region (Suárez et al, 1994;Pacheco et al, 1999) and in the region of the Amatlán de Cañas half-graben (Núñez-Cornú et al, 2002). According to the online catalog of the U.S. National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC), recent crustal earthquakes have also originated near the Ameca and San Marcos faults, in the Chapala and Citala grabens, and near the Cotija half-graben (Fig.…”

Section: Neotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The A.D. 1567M_w 7.2 Ameca, Jalisco, Earthquake (Western Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt): Surface Rupture Parameters, Seismogeological Effects, and Macroseismic Intensities from Historical Sources

Suter¹

2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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The A.D. 1567 Ameca, Jalisco, earthquake (west-central Mexico) is the strongest known historical crustal earthquake in the Trans-Mexican volcanic belt, an active volcanic arc being deformed by an intra-arc extensional fault network. The location of the surface rupture at the base of the Sierra de Ameca mountain range, its length (13-14 leagues, 54-59 km) and the scarp height (1-2 estados, 1.67-3.34 m) are inferred from the description of this earthquake in the Relación de Ameca of 1579, which contains what is probably the earliest documentation of an earthquake surface rupture in the Americas. From scaling relations, the moment magnitude of this earthquake can be estimated as 7:2 0:3, based on the rupture length. The A.D. 1567 Ameca earthquake is likely to have ruptured to the surface along two (or all three) major segments of the Ameca-San Marcos normal fault system.

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Section: Neotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The A.D. 1567M_w 7.2 Ameca, Jalisco, Earthquake (Western Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt): Surface Rupture Parameters, Seismogeological Effects, and Macroseismic Intensities from Historical Sources

Suter¹

2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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“…The Zacoalco half-graben lies at the continental rift-rift-rift triple junction (termed the Guadalajara triple junction) where the Tepic-Zacoalco, Colima, and Chapala rifts come together. A sequence of magnitude 1.5-3.5 earthquakes in 1997 on shallow normal faults (PACHECO et al, 1999) confirms formation of the half-graben as tilt blocks overlying listric faults (ROSAS-ELGUERA et al, 1997); additionally, the composite focal mechanism indicates possible rightlateral slip along a northwest-southeast oriented nodal plane within the Zacoalco graben near the triple junction (PACHECO et al, 1999). Historical records indicate the potential for much larger earthquakes at this triple junction, such as the [7.0 magnitude earthquake of 27 December 1568 (SUAREZ et al, 1994).…”

Section: Boundaries Of the Jalisco Blockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on Jalisco Block Motion and Tectonics of the Guadalajara Triple Junction from 1998–2001 Campaign GPS Data

Selvans

Stock

DeMets

et al. 2010

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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A GPS campaign network in the state of Jalisco was occupied for *36 h per station most years between 1995 and 2005; we use data from 1998-2001 to investigate tectonic motion and interseismic deformation in the Jalisco area with respect to the North America plate. The twelve stations used in this analysis provide coverage of the Jalisco Block and adjacent North America plate, and show a pattern of motion that implies some contribution to Jalisco Block boundary deformation from both tectonic motion and interseismic deformation due to the offshore 1995 earthquake. The consistent direction and magnitude of station motion on the Jalisco Block with respect to the North America reference frame, *2 mm/year to the southwest (95% confidence level), perhaps can be attributed to tectonic motion. However, some station velocities within and across the boundaries of the Jalisco Block are also non-zero (95% confidence level), and the overall pattern of station velocities indicates both viscoelastic response to the 1995 earthquake and partial coupling of the subduction interface (together termed ''interseismic deformation''). Our results show motion across the northern Colima rift, the eastern boundary of the Jalisco Block, which is likely to be sinistral oblique extension rather than pure extension. We constrain extension across both the Colima rift and the northeastern boundary of the Jalisco Block, the TepicZacoalco rift, to B8 mm/year (95% confidence level), slow compared to relative rates of motion at nearby plate boundaries.

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“…For example, a sequence of small earthquakes in April-May 1997 near the town of Zacoalco (Pacheco et al, 1999), as well as a cluster of 48 seismic events in the Ameca river valley between (Núnez-Cornú et al, 2002 showed normal motion along NW-oriented faults at crustal depths (0-35 km). These recent events are consistent with the evidence for a largemagnitude earthquake (>7.0 M W ) near the towns of Ameca and Zacoalco in 1568.…”

Section: Evidence For Extension In the Tepiczacoalco Rift Into The Qumentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pliocene ignimbrite flare-up along the Tepic-Zacoalco rift: Evidence for the initial stages of rifting between the Jalisco block (Mexico) and North America

Frey

Lange

Hall

et al. 2007

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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The Tepic-Zacoalco rift, a NW-trending corridor ~50 × ~250 km, is one arm of a triple-rift system in western Mexico. Together with the Colima rift and the Middle America Trench, it bounds the Jalisco block, a portion of western Mexico that may be moving independently of North America. The predominant basement rock types in the TepicZacoalco rift are rhyolitic ash-fl ow tuffs and lavas, which were previously assumed to be Oligocene-Miocene in age, related to the Sierra Madre Occidental volcanic province, or older. New 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates on 41 volcanic samples reveal a previously unrecognized, voluminous fl are-up of rhyolitic ignimbrites between 5 and 3 Ma throughout the entire corridor of the Tepic-Zacoalco rift; they are often associated with Pliocene high-Ti basalts. The eruption rate during this Pliocene time period was an order of magnitude higher (hundreds of m/m.y.) than that documented in the Tepic-Zacoalco rift over the last 1 m.y. The Pliocene ash-fl ow tuffs have been faulted along NW-trending lineaments, producing vertical offsets up to at least 500 m. The voluminous ignimbrite fl are-up in the TepicZacoalco rift at 5-3 Ma may refl ect the initial stages of rifting of the Jalisco block away from North America, analogous to what occurred in the proto-gulf region at 12-6 Ma, prior to the transfer of Baja California from North America to the Pacifi c plate. Additionally, new 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates show that the Sierra Madre Occidental volcanic province extends across the entire width of the Tepic-Zacoalco rift and terminates abruptly at the northern boundary of the Jalisco block near the Rio Ameca. In contrast, PaleoceneEocene basement from the Jalisco block extends northward into the Tepic-Zacoalco rift, where it is locally overlain by Sierra Madre Occidental rhyolites.

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Tectonic significance of an earthquake sequence in the Zacoalco half-graben, Jalisco, Mexico

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

The A.D. 1567M_w 7.2 Ameca, Jalisco, Earthquake (Western Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt): Surface Rupture Parameters, Seismogeological Effects, and Macroseismic Intensities from Historical Sources

The A.D. 1567M_w 7.2 Ameca, Jalisco, Earthquake (Western Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt): Surface Rupture Parameters, Seismogeological Effects, and Macroseismic Intensities from Historical Sources

Constraints on Jalisco Block Motion and Tectonics of the Guadalajara Triple Junction from 1998–2001 Campaign GPS Data

A Pliocene ignimbrite flare-up along the Tepic-Zacoalco rift: Evidence for the initial stages of rifting between the Jalisco block (Mexico) and North America

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Tectonic significance of an earthquake sequence in the Zacoalco half-graben, Jalisco, Mexico

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

The A.D. 1567Mw 7.2 Ameca, Jalisco, Earthquake (Western Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt): Surface Rupture Parameters, Seismogeological Effects, and Macroseismic Intensities from Historical Sources

The A.D. 1567Mw 7.2 Ameca, Jalisco, Earthquake (Western Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt): Surface Rupture Parameters, Seismogeological Effects, and Macroseismic Intensities from Historical Sources

Constraints on Jalisco Block Motion and Tectonics of the Guadalajara Triple Junction from 1998–2001 Campaign GPS Data

A Pliocene ignimbrite flare-up along the Tepic-Zacoalco rift: Evidence for the initial stages of rifting between the Jalisco block (Mexico) and North America

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The A.D. 1567M_w 7.2 Ameca, Jalisco, Earthquake (Western Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt): Surface Rupture Parameters, Seismogeological Effects, and Macroseismic Intensities from Historical Sources

The A.D. 1567M_w 7.2 Ameca, Jalisco, Earthquake (Western Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt): Surface Rupture Parameters, Seismogeological Effects, and Macroseismic Intensities from Historical Sources