Tectonic nappes and horizontal layering of the Earth's crust in the Mediterranean belt (Carpathians, Balkanides and Caucasus)

Gamkrelidze, Irakli

doi:10.1016/0040-1951(91)90332-m

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The Alasani basin is thus an intramontane, piggyback-type basin with a relic thrust front that was active in the Miocene along its northern edge and a frontal thrust which is active in PlioceneQuaternary just south of the basin. In Georgia the Gagra-Dzhava zone located in the southern foothills of the main range is playing a similar role (Gamkrelidze & Gamkrelidze 1977;Dotduyev 1986;Gamkrelidze 1991). Its structure is similar to the Alasani Basin, but in addition shows somewhat farther travelled outliers of the main range, as is the case in the Basqual nappe structure in Azerbaijan (the eastern equivalent of the Alasani basin).…”

Section: Tectonic Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Cenozoic-Recent tectonics and uplift in the Greater Caucasus: a perspective from Azerbaijan

et al. 2010

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The Greater Caucasus is Europe's highest mountain belt and results from the inversion of the Greater Caucasus back-arc-type basin due to the collision of Arabia and Eurasia. The orogenic processes that led to the present mountain chain started in the Early Cenozoic, accelerated during the Plio-Pleistocene, and are still active as shown from present GPS studies and earthquake distribution. The Greater Caucasus is a doubly verging fold-and-thrust belt, with a pro-and a retro wedge actively propagating into the foreland sedimentary basin of the Kura to the south and the Terek to the north, respectively. Based on tectonic geomorphology -active and abandoned thrust fronts -the mountain range can be subdivided into several zones with different uplift amounts and rates with very heterogeneous strain partitioning. The central part of the mountain range -defined by the Main Caucasus Thrust to the south and backthrusts to the north -forms a triangular-shape zone showing the highest uplift and fastest rates, and is due to thrusting over a steep tectonic ramp system at depth. The meridional orogenic in front of the Greater Caucasus in Azerbaijan lies at the foothills of the Lesser Caucasus, to the south of the Kura foreland basin.

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Section: Tectonic Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Cenozoic-Recent tectonics and uplift in the Greater Caucasus: a perspective from Azerbaijan

et al. 2010

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“…The Dzirula massif, part of the Black Sea-Central-Transcaucasian terrane (fig. 1), is the largest and best studied of the pre-Alpine crystalline inliers south of the Main Range zone (Gamkrelidze, 1991;others, 1998, 2007;Gamkrelidze andShengelia, 1999, 2001). Geological maps of the massif have been published by Gamkrelidze and Shengelia (2001) and Zakariadze and others (2007).…”

Section: The Dzirula Massifmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Caucasian region of Georgia and southern Russia is commonly viewed as a part of the Variscan orogenic belt (Gamkrelidze, 1986(Gamkrelidze, , 1997Adamia and others, 1987;Hanel andothers, 1993a, 1993b;Somin and others, 2006). However, in comparison to the central and western European sections, this eastern continuation of the Variscan orogen is relatively poorly known.…”

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confidence: 99%

New age data from the Dzirula massif, Georgia: Implications for the evolution of the Caucasian Variscides

Mayringer¹,

Treloar²,

Gerdes³

et al. 2011

American Journal of Science

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The Caucasus mountain belt has a complex tectono-thermal history that is as yet poorly understood due to the scarcity of reliable geochronological information. Here, we report new monazite and zircon data from the Dzirula massif in the southern Caucasus, which permit development of a model for Variscan LP-HT (low pressure-high temperature) metamorphism in this region. Data are presented for two key lithologies of the Dzirula massif: 1) a group of variably deformed granitoid (mainly granodioritic-tonalitic) rocks and 2) metapelitic LP-HT cordierite-biotitesillimanite migmatites and paragneisses. Electron-microprobe Th-U-total Pb monazite dating demonstrates that the LP-HT metamorphism in the Dzirula massif is Variscan, and occurred around 330 Ma. LA-ICP-MS zircon dating reveals that the granitoids include two different magmatic series. An older, mainly tonalitic, series is of Lower Cambrian age. Younger intrusions, including gabbros and diorites, but mainly tonalites and granodiorites, are Variscan in age. The older series show ductile deformation features and, along with the metapelites, experienced Variscan high-grade metamorphism that resulted in penetrative blastic recrystallization and anatexis. The younger series is generally undeformed, but often shows a magmatic foliation, and variable alteration under greenschist facies conditions. It is suggested that the Variscan intrusions facilitated the regional LP-HT metamorphic event at 330 to 340 Ma. Age and petrographic data from the Greater Caucasus imply a similar evolution as observed in the Dzirula massif. The Dzirula massif can thus be used as a proxy to model the evolution of the Caucasian Variscides.

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Geological Structure of Georgia

Gamkrelidze

Okrostsvaridze

Koiava

et al. 2020

Geoheritage, Geoparks and Geotourism

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Tectonic nappes and horizontal layering of the Earth's crust in the Mediterranean belt (Carpathians, Balkanides and Caucasus)

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Cenozoic-Recent tectonics and uplift in the Greater Caucasus: a perspective from Azerbaijan

Cenozoic-Recent tectonics and uplift in the Greater Caucasus: a perspective from Azerbaijan

New age data from the Dzirula massif, Georgia: Implications for the evolution of the Caucasian Variscides

Geological Structure of Georgia

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