Tectonic Controls on Miocene Reefs and Related Carbonate Facies in Cyprus

Follows, Edward J.; Robertson, Alastair H. F.; Scoffin, Terence P.

doi:10.2110/csp.96.01.0295

Cited by 19 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…(Fig. 4) have already been described from Terra Member reefs and were interpreted as a result of synsedimentary slipping or Late Miocene tectonic fracturing and karstiWcation (Follows and Robertson 1990;Follows 1992;Payne and Robertson 1995;Follows et al 1996). In the studied outcrop, the presence of Orbulina in sediments that formed synchronously with the Wssures (Fig.…”

Section: Geodynamic and Paleoclimatic Frameworksupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The occurrence of tropical coral reefs on Cyprus is limited to the Aquitanian-Burdigalian Terra Member and the Tortonian Koronia Member of the Miocene Pakhna Formation (Follows et al 1996). Frequent miogypsinids and lepidocyclinids in the coral facies point to Terra Member reefs (BouDhager-Fadel and Lord 2006).…”

Section: Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7a; Payne and Robertson 1995). A relative sea-level fall has been suggested to have terminated coral reef growth (Follows et al 1996). It caused solution and meteoric alteration of Terra Member limestone ( Fig.…”

Section: Geodynamic and Paleoclimatic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fossil round karren from Cyprus: a latest Miocene record of a humid-temperate climate in the eastern Mediterranean

Reuter

Brachert

Grunert

2010

Facies

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Round karren represent a typical karst landform in humid regions. Since they only form beneath organicrich soil and become rapidly destroyed after exhumation, their preservation potential in the geological record is, however, low. Herein, we describe pristine fossil round karren from a late Messinian karrenfeld that is incised into a fault scarp at the northwestern margin of the Polis Graben in NW Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean Sea). The karren indicate that humid temperate climate conditions with at least seasonal rainfalls and vegetation which decomposed into acid humus occurred at the end of the Messinian salinity crisis on Cyprus. Rapid drowning due to the Zanclean transgression ceased karstiWcation at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary and preserved the original round karren morphology.

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Section: Geodynamic and Paleoclimatic Frameworksupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fossil round karren from Cyprus: a latest Miocene record of a humid-temperate climate in the eastern Mediterranean

Reuter

Brachert

Grunert

2010

Facies

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“…4 is compiled from palaeogeographic and stratigraphic information due to the following workers; Eaton and Robertson (1993), Follows and Robertson (1990), Follows et al (1996), Kähler and Stow (1998), McCallum and Robertson (1990), Murton (1990), Robertson (1977aRobertson ( , b, 1990, Robertson and Hudson (1974), Woodcock(1979, 1986), Robinson and Malpas (1987), Robertson et al (1991a), Vine and Smith (1990). The most helpful general overviews of tectonics and stratigraphy are found in volumes edited by Malpas et al (1990) and Panayides et al (2000), whereas focus on ophiolite is found in the volumes by Gibson et al (1989), for the deepest borehole through the Troodos ophiolite and by Gass et al (1994) which summarizes knowledge of the Southern Troodos Transform Fault and the southerly Limassol Forest ophiolite.…”

Section: Palaeogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). By the Upper Miocene, the ophiolite was extensively denuded; islands of ophiolite, eventually to form the Troodos Mountains occurred in shallower sea with small depositional basins dominated by carbonate deposition (Eaton and Robertson 1993;Follows et al 1996). Pre-Messinian, penetrative tectonic deformation, probably mainly climaxing in the Late Miocene produced South-verging folds and North-dipping stylolitic cleavage South of the Troodos Tectonic Front (Figs.…”

Section: Troodos Ophiolite and The Provenance Of Magnetic Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophiolite Tectonics, Rock Magnetism and Palaeomagnetism, Cyprus

et al. 2009

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Magnetic properties of minerals may be sensitive indicators of provenance. Remanence-bearing minerals (RBM) such as iron-titanium oxides, and matrix-forming minerals such as paramagnetic phyllosilicate or diamagnetic calcite yield different clues to provenance, strain history and tectonics, and are essential supplements for the full interpretation of palaeomagnetic data. Moreover, mineral magnetic properties provide magnetic-petrofabric indicators of tectonic strain, determine the suitability of sites for palaeomagnetism, and permit the restoration of palaeomagnetic vectors in some strained rocks. In the Cretaceous Troodos ophiolite (*88 Ma) magnetic properties are dictated by the relative importance of mafic silicates and largely primary, ophiolite-derived RBM. In its cover of deformed pelagic sedimentary rock, magnetic properties are dictated by the balance of clastic RBM versus matrix calcite and in some cases clay. The two larger Cretaceous ophiolite outcrops (Troodos & Akamas) share a common orientation of their plutonic flow fabrics, determined by magnetic methods. The dike complex shows fabrics indicating plumelike feeders spaced along and perpendicular to the spreading axis, with longevities[0.5 Ma. South of the ophiolite, its Cretaceous-Miocene limestone cover possesses ubiquitous tectonic petrofabrics inferred from anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and anisotropy of anhysteretic remanent susceptibility (AARM). Its foliation and maximum extension dip and plunge gently northward, sub-parallel to a common but previously unreported North-dipping stylolitic cleavage. In well-known localized areas, there are S-vergent thrusts and overturned folds. The S-vergent deformation fabrics are due to Late Miocene (pre-Messinian *8 Ma) deformation. The structures are geometrically consistent with overthrusting of the Cretaceous Troodos-Akamas ophiolite, and its sedimentary cover, onto the underlying Triassic Mamonia terrane. The northern limit of pre-Messinian tectonic fabrics, the TroodosMamonia terrane boundary and the Arakapas-Transform fault form an approximate E-W composite boundary that we term the Troodos Tectonic Front. Miocene deformation remagnetized the ophiolite and its sedimentary cover in many places and also affects the Mamonia terrane to the SW, with which the Troodos terrane docked in the late Cretaceous. Magnetic mineralogy, particularly of the RBM traces the progressive un-roofing of the ophiolite during the deposition of its sedimentary cover. During the submarine exposure and erosion of the ophiolite, the contribution of RBM clasts to the overlying sedimentary cover changed qualitatively and quantitatively. Thus, magnetic mineralogy of the sedimentary rock cover records the progressive denudation of the ophiolite from lavas, down through dikes, to gabbros and deeper mantle rocks. Palaeomagnetic studies previously revealed the anticlockwise rotation of the Troodos terrane and its northwards migration. Characteristic remanent magnetism (ChRM) is most reliable for lavas and dikes although it...

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