Technology transfer from higher education institutions to industry in China: nature and implications

Hong, Liu; Jiang, Yunzhong

doi:10.1016/s0166-4972(00)00045-6

Cited by 153 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The measures equally weight six indicators of technology transfer effectiveness: (i) the number of invention disclosures, (ii) the number of US patent applications filed, (iii) the number of technology licenses and options executed, (iv) the number of technology licenses and options yielding income, (v) the number of start-up companies spun off the university and (vi) the total amount of technology licensing royalties earned per year. Most works on technology transfer involving university (e.g., Bray and Lee, 2000;Liu and Jiang, 2001;Chapple et al, 2005) highlight the complexity of the process involving highly complex, recursive and dynamic activities combined with a range of diverse and often conflicting stockholders.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Industry work experience and inventive capacity of South African academic researchers

Lubango

Pouris

2007

Technovation

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The inventive capacity of South African universities and researchers is investigated through analysis of university patent applications. Patent applications to the South African Patent office from 1996 to 2006 are used as an indicator of inventive capacity.The investigation determines, for the first time, patenting activities of local universities at the South African Patent Office for the past 10 years and it identifies the performance of faculties and departments. We suggest that patent analysis of local patent offices in developing countries provides a more comprehensive picture of inventive activity than the analyses in the main patent offices in USA and Europe.The assertion that industrial experience affects the inventiveness of academic staff is also investigated. The study finds that most inventors or co-inventors held at least one position in industry, or in some cases, specialized parastatals (non-university institutions) prior to patent application. The study supports the idea that experience and the professional trajectory of scientists through migration from industry to university leads to an increase of researchers' scientific and technical human capital which is convertible into high performance or inventive capacity. We argue that this linkage is valid equally in developed and developing countries (like South Africa) and that universities internationally wishing to improve their entrepreneurial character should aim to employ academic with industrial prior experience.

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confidence: 99%

Industry work experience and inventive capacity of South African academic researchers

Lubango

Pouris

2007

Technovation

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“…In contrast, firms in Shanghai seem to focus more on support from horizontal partners geared towards market demand and applied research. Shanghai has thus developed into a hub for both indigenous and overseas cooperation (Liu and Jiang 2001;Liefner and Zeng 2008;Huggins et al 2014;Jiang et al 2017).…”

Section: Regional Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial configuration of innovation networks in China

Lyu

Liefner

2018

GeoJournal

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China is rising and gradually developing into an innovation-oriented economy. This transition is fueled by public and private investment in education and by increasing inputs into science and technology. Little attention, however, has been paid to the great differences in China-specific context peculiarity. Hence, the paper assesses Chinese innovation networks using a comprehensive analytical model that includes network configuration, regional environment, government interference and firm attributes. The empirical analysis examines China's machinery manufacturing industry to test the determinants of the spatial character of Chinese innovation networks based on questionnaire surveys and illustrative cases. Our study finds that Chinese innovation networks are affected not only by innovation resource endowments and firm attributes, but also by government interference and regional culture. Regarding the influence of regional culture, the typical Northern culture with the importance of guanxi plays an important role in the process of searching for partners and makes the innovation network and interpersonal network interwoven. Firms' ownership and innovation ability are the two essential variables to determine whether any of the regional elements are of significance.

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“…For the purpose of this paper, a categorisation of technology transfer mechanisms is derived from multiple literature sources (cf. Lee and Win, 2004;Liu and Jiang, 2001;Amessea and Cohendet, 2001;Phillips, 2002;Rogers, Takegami and Yin, 2001;Debackere and Veugelers, 2005;Polt et al, 2001;Schartinger et al, 2002) comprising, spin-offs, licensing of patents, collaborative research, contract research, mobility schemes and monitoring of scientific activities (e.g. studying of publications).…”

Section: Transfer Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Lee and Win (2004) this free and informal exchange of information via technical conferences and publications in scientific magazines poses as a mechanism for establishing ties between academia and the industry. Publication is powerful technology transfer tool because information can be disseminated to the largest possible number of individuals with the least effort per individual researcher (Liu and Jiang, 2001). Additionally, publications provide enterprises with updates on new technological advances (Jacobsson, 2002).…”

Section: Transfer Mechanisms Exploitation Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patents and publications are considered personal development for those in scientific careers (Heydebreck, Klofsten and Maier, 2000). However, according to Rogers et al (1999 cited in Liu andJiang, 2001) scientific journals are written for fellow scientists and these articles are ineffective in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 reaching practitioners. Increasingly, problem relating to the combination of efficient IPR handling and publications in joint industry-science-project have been reported (cf.…”

Section: Transfer Mechanisms Exploitation Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

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