Technology spillovers of FDI in ASEAN sourcing from local and abroad

Abstract

PurposeThis paper aims to empirically analyze the role of FDI technology spillover effects in the development patterns of ASEAN.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on the analytical framework of Borensztein by utilizing time‐series data between 1990 and 2008 in ASEAN countries. Models (1)‐(3) estimate parameters by adopting OLS, and Model (4) uses dummy saturation methods in PC Give, Oxmetrics 6 to determine significant dummy variables automatically. By judging the overall significance of each variable and the model, Model (4) has a substantial improvement, and is finally selected to judge the education threshold of each country.FindingsThe empirical results render support to the existence of technology spillovers in ASEAN. The regression results also suggest that it is necessary to combine FDI technology spillovers with domestic human capital, that is, in the process of promoting economic development. China's FDI in ASEAN requires lower education threshold, and also has positive effect on economy growth in six countries of ASEAN.Research limitations/implicationsAs this paper investigates data from many countries, there are some unavoidable differences in the statistical sources and the calibre of data. It is inevitable to have some inaccuracies. This paper tries to process the data into similar calibres and units.Practical implicationsThe paper examined whether total FDI, intra‐ASEAN FDI and FDI from China have played exactly the same role in ASEAN countries. Accordingly, the paper put forward suggestions after combining the characteristics of FDI from China with different local situations of ASEAN host countries.Originality/valueThe paper, respectively, takes data of total FDI, intra‐ASEAN FDI, FDI from China into the FDI variable in the model, and get three sets of results for each country. The year dummy variable is newly added to the original framework of Borensztein in order to test whether the dependent variable can be affected to a large extent by potential great changes in macro‐economies.

The role of external debt in the foreign direct investment–growth relationship

“…They find that FDI contributes to growth only when the host country meets a minimum threshold level of human capital. Using timeseries data from 10 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries over the period 1990-2008, Tu, Xiao, and Zhao (2012 also find a positive impact of FDI on economic growth when human capital is above a threshold level; otherwise, FDI is more likely to erode growth as it tends to utilize local cheap labour and crowd out domestic investment. Using data for states in the United States, Ford, Rork, and Elmslie (2008) find that FDI affects output growth if the states meet a minimum level of human capital.…”

“…Using data for states in the United States, Ford, Rork, and Elmslie (2008) find that FDI affects output growth if the states meet a minimum level of human capital. Using timeseries data from 10 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries over the period 1990-2008, Tu, Xiao, and Zhao (2012 also find a positive impact of FDI on economic growth when human capital is above a threshold level; otherwise, FDI is more likely to erode growth as it tends to utilize local cheap labour and crowd out domestic investment.…”

Doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve ekonomik büyüme: OECD ülkeleri için panel eşik değer analizi

“…Dolayısıyla, DYY büyüme ilişkisini açıklamak için endojen büyüme modellerinin kullanılması daha uygun olabilir (Bocutoğlu, 2009;De Mello, 1997;Jayachandran ve Seilan, 2010;Iamsiraroj, 2016). Alfaro, Chanda, Kalemli-Özcan ve Sayek (2004), Tu ve Tan (2012), Huang, Liu ve Xu (2012) ve Tanna, Li ve Vita (2018) gibi birçok çalışmada, ev sahibi ülkelerde beşeri sermaye, finansal gelişme, kurumsal yapı, dış borçlar gibi değişkenlerin DYY'den ekonomik büyümeye geçiş sürecinde bir eşik olup olmayacağı araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada ise diğer çalışmalardan farklı olarak doğrudan yabancı yatırımların ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki eşik etkisinin varlığı araştırılmaktadır.…”

The role of foreign and domestic venture capital in innovation: evidence from China

“…First, unlike DVCs, FVCs could offer access to international networks, which allows domestic firms to make contact with foreign firms and institutions (Hochberg et al ., ; Fernhaber and Mcdougall‐Covin, ). These cross‐border activities could promote knowledge spillovers (Branstetter, ; Tu et al ., ) and further facilitate domestic firms' innovation (Guadalupe et al ., ). Second, FVCs can provide complementary knowledge‐based resources and information about foreign business issues (Mäkelä and Maula, ).…”