Technology Optimisation of Hybrid PV Systems for Covering Energy Needs of Emergency Shelters for Ukrainian War Refugees

Abstract

Hybrid photovoltaic systems have become a common solution for decreasing energy consumption for specific objects and customers at present time. The efficiency of the entire system depends strongly also on the technology of the used battery inverter. In general, DC-coupled inverters are recognized to be more energy efficient. Surprisingly, in some specific cases, AC-coupled systems can offer better results. Ukraine escalates the problem with internal migration, that can be solved just through constructing new communities of emergency shelters. Integrating these units into Ukrainian overloaded and damaged distribution grids must be projected very precisely to limit not just power consumption but also power injection. Particular savings can be reached with the proper application of AC or DCcoupled systems. This article describes that phenomenon presented on specific real cases defined through own consumption profile, battery storage system management, climate conditions, and PV system design. The presented results show that the proper choice of battery inverter technology can save interesting amount of energy produced from the installed PV system. The AC coupled system can offer not just higher flexibility and modularity, but also higher energy efficiency of the hybrid system, lower grid feed-in.