Technology as Moral Proxy: Autonomy and Paternalism by Design

Millar, Jason

doi:10.1109/mts.2015.2425612

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…And even if this would be achievable, still it should be demonstrated that nudging people towards choices that are supposedly aligned to their supposed best interests does not raise any ethical concern. Indeed, if the purpose of the nudge is the moral education of society, the risk of moral paternalism is real (Millar, 2015).…”

Section: The Proactive Approach (A4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Bias and Conversational Agents: an ethical perspective on Social Robotics

Fossa

Sucameli

2022

Sci Eng Ethics

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The increase in the spread of conversational agents urgently requires to tackle the ethical issues linked to their design. In fact, developers frequently include in their products cues that trigger social biases in order to maximize the performance and the quality of human-machine interactions. The present paper discusses whether and to what extent it is ethically sound to intentionally trigger gender biases through the design of virtually embodied conversational agents. After outlining the complex dynamics involving social biases, social robots, and design, we evaluate the ethics of integrating gender cues in conversational agents, analysing four different approaches to the problem. Finally, we suggest which approach in our opinion might have the best chances to reduce the negative effects of biases and discriminatory visions of gender dynamics.

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Section: The Proactive Approach (A4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Bias and Conversational Agents: an ethical perspective on Social Robotics

Fossa

Sucameli

2022

Sci Eng Ethics

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“…Science and technology studies (STS) scholars, remarks, Millar [13], have long considered questions of technological determinism, momentum, and neutrality in order to delineate who or what has agency and moral responsibility: the human or the technology. Overall, STS scholarship argues that technology holds very little responsibility for embedded moral positions, but designers do.…”

Section: Moral Proxies and Choice Architectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, STS scholarship argues that technology holds very little responsibility for embedded moral positions, but designers do. "Designers," writes Millar [13], "can intentionally embed moral norms into artifacts to achieve certain ends." The technology, then, takes on a proxy role: It simply represents the designer's moral position.…”

Section: Moral Proxies and Choice Architectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning Analytics and Its Paternalistic Influences

Jones

2017

Learning and Collaboration Technologies. Technology in Education

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“…It has indeed been claimed that an AV should have different ethics settings consistent with several ethical theories, allowing each individual passenger/owner to decide what moral approach her AV should have [16]. Thus, an AV would be considered and function as a "moral proxy" for drivers/owners ethical outlook, rather than a distinct "moral agent" [14]. It has also been argued that AVs could be equipped with an "ethical knob", enabling passengers to determine the degree to which the AV prioritizes their lives over the lives of third parties [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genetic Approach to the Ethical Knob

Iacca

Lagioia

Loreggia

et al. 2020

Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications

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As Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are entering shared roads, the challenge of designing and implementing a completely autonomous vehicle is still open. Aside from technological issues regarding how to manage the complexity of the environment, AVs raise difficult legal issues and ethical dilemmas, especially in unavoidable accident scenarios. In this context, a vast speculation depicting moral dilemmas has developed in recent years. A new perspective was proposed: an “Ethical Knob” (EK), enabling passengers to ethically customise their AVs, namely, to choose between different settings corresponding to different moral approaches or principles. In this contribution we explore how an AV can automatically learn to determine the value of its “Ethical Knob” in order to achieve a trade-off between the ethical preferences of passengers and social values, learning from experienced instances of collision. To this end, we propose a novel approach based on a genetic algorithm to optimize a population of neural networks. We report a detailed description of simulation experiments as well as possible applications.

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Technology as Moral Proxy: Autonomy and Paternalism by Design

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Gender Bias and Conversational Agents: an ethical perspective on Social Robotics

Gender Bias and Conversational Agents: an ethical perspective on Social Robotics

Learning Analytics and Its Paternalistic Influences

A Genetic Approach to the Ethical Knob

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