Abstract:Abstract. Worldwide, healthcare systems are considered unsustainable due to an increase in demand for care and an associated rise in healthcare costs. Ageing of societies and the growth of populations with chronic conditions are making a paradigm shift in western healthcare systems necessary. The Chronic Care Model (CCM) provides a framework for healthcare change, including a prominent role for the community and patients' self-management. Information and communication technology (ICT) is indispensable to accom… Show more
“…Technology for collecting and exchanging information is considered essential to make integrated care work for all stakeholders involved. 11 Current developments in information technologies (ITs) can be the ultimate facilitators for integrated care models. 11 Modern diabetes management is an example of this, making use of internet-enabled devices such as glucose meters, insulin pumps, activity trackers, and calorie counters (through wearables and smartphones), or allowing patient-carer interaction.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…11 Current developments in information technologies (ITs) can be the ultimate facilitators for integrated care models. 11 Modern diabetes management is an example of this, making use of internet-enabled devices such as glucose meters, insulin pumps, activity trackers, and calorie counters (through wearables and smartphones), or allowing patient-carer interaction. 11 Furthermore, the data generated by such devices and systems can provide insights into how to further improve operations and decision-making within healthcare services.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…11 Modern diabetes management is an example of this, making use of internet-enabled devices such as glucose meters, insulin pumps, activity trackers, and calorie counters (through wearables and smartphones), or allowing patient-carer interaction. 11 Furthermore, the data generated by such devices and systems can provide insights into how to further improve operations and decision-making within healthcare services. 12 ICPs also enable the systematic collection and analysis of relevant data for the purposes of audit, or to promote changes in practice.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…7 However, it is worth noting that important and necessary functionalities for health technology remain limited, as do sufficient interoperability and an effective roadmap for the implementation and deployment of such technologies. 11,13 Integrated care hinges on a tailored combination of the right structures, processes, and methodologies to address a patient's needs, alongside specific institutional and community circumstances. 10 Thus, local settings are the most appropriate context for the tailored development, implementation, and deployment of ICPs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…7 However, it is worth noting that important and necessary functionalities for health technology remain limited, as do sufficient interoperability and an effective roadmap for the implementation and deployment of such technologies. 11,13…”
IntroductionIntegrated Care Pathways (ICPs) are a method for the mutual decision-making and organization of care for a well-defined group of patients during a well-defined period. The aim of a care pathway is to enhance the quality of care by improving patient outcomes, promoting patient safety, increasing patient satisfaction, and optimizing the use of resources. To describe this concept, different names are used, e.g. care pathways and integrated care pathways. Modern information technologies (IT) can support ICPs by enabling patient empowerment, better management, and the monitoring of care provided by multidisciplinary teams. This study analyses ICPs across Europe, identifying commonalities and success factors to establish good practices for IT-supported ICPs in diabetes care.MethodsA mixed-method approach was applied, combining desk research on 24 projects from the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) with follow-up interviews of project participants, and a non-systematic literature review. We applied a Delphi technique to select process and outcome indicators, derived from different literature sources which were compiled and applied for the identification of successful good practices.ResultsDesk research identified sixteen projects featuring IT-supported ICPs, mostly derived from the EIP on AHA, as good practices based on our criteria. Follow-up interviews were then conducted with representatives from 9 of the 16 projects to gather information not publicly available and understand how these projects were meeting the identified criteria. In parallel, the non-systematic literature review of 434 PubMed search results revealed a total of eight relevant projects. On the basis of the selected EIP on AHA project data and non-systematic literature review, no commonalities with regard to defined process or outcome indicators could be identified through our approach. Conversely, the research produced a heterogeneous picture in all aspects of the projects’ indicators. Data from desk research and follow-up interviews partly lacked information on outcome and performance, which limited the comparison between practices.ConclusionApplying a comprehensive set of indicators in a multi-method approach to assess the projects included in this research study did not reveal any obvious commonalities which might serve as a blueprint for future IT-supported ICP projects. Instead, an unexpected high degree of heterogeneity was observed, that may reflect diverse local implementation requirements e.g. specificities of the local healthcare system, local regulations, or preexisting structures used for the project setup. Improving the definition of and reporting on project outcomes could help advance research on and implementation of effective integrated care solutions for chronic disease management across Europe.
“…Technology for collecting and exchanging information is considered essential to make integrated care work for all stakeholders involved. 11 Current developments in information technologies (ITs) can be the ultimate facilitators for integrated care models. 11 Modern diabetes management is an example of this, making use of internet-enabled devices such as glucose meters, insulin pumps, activity trackers, and calorie counters (through wearables and smartphones), or allowing patient-carer interaction.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…11 Current developments in information technologies (ITs) can be the ultimate facilitators for integrated care models. 11 Modern diabetes management is an example of this, making use of internet-enabled devices such as glucose meters, insulin pumps, activity trackers, and calorie counters (through wearables and smartphones), or allowing patient-carer interaction. 11 Furthermore, the data generated by such devices and systems can provide insights into how to further improve operations and decision-making within healthcare services.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…11 Modern diabetes management is an example of this, making use of internet-enabled devices such as glucose meters, insulin pumps, activity trackers, and calorie counters (through wearables and smartphones), or allowing patient-carer interaction. 11 Furthermore, the data generated by such devices and systems can provide insights into how to further improve operations and decision-making within healthcare services. 12 ICPs also enable the systematic collection and analysis of relevant data for the purposes of audit, or to promote changes in practice.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…7 However, it is worth noting that important and necessary functionalities for health technology remain limited, as do sufficient interoperability and an effective roadmap for the implementation and deployment of such technologies. 11,13 Integrated care hinges on a tailored combination of the right structures, processes, and methodologies to address a patient's needs, alongside specific institutional and community circumstances. 10 Thus, local settings are the most appropriate context for the tailored development, implementation, and deployment of ICPs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…7 However, it is worth noting that important and necessary functionalities for health technology remain limited, as do sufficient interoperability and an effective roadmap for the implementation and deployment of such technologies. 11,13…”
IntroductionIntegrated Care Pathways (ICPs) are a method for the mutual decision-making and organization of care for a well-defined group of patients during a well-defined period. The aim of a care pathway is to enhance the quality of care by improving patient outcomes, promoting patient safety, increasing patient satisfaction, and optimizing the use of resources. To describe this concept, different names are used, e.g. care pathways and integrated care pathways. Modern information technologies (IT) can support ICPs by enabling patient empowerment, better management, and the monitoring of care provided by multidisciplinary teams. This study analyses ICPs across Europe, identifying commonalities and success factors to establish good practices for IT-supported ICPs in diabetes care.MethodsA mixed-method approach was applied, combining desk research on 24 projects from the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) with follow-up interviews of project participants, and a non-systematic literature review. We applied a Delphi technique to select process and outcome indicators, derived from different literature sources which were compiled and applied for the identification of successful good practices.ResultsDesk research identified sixteen projects featuring IT-supported ICPs, mostly derived from the EIP on AHA, as good practices based on our criteria. Follow-up interviews were then conducted with representatives from 9 of the 16 projects to gather information not publicly available and understand how these projects were meeting the identified criteria. In parallel, the non-systematic literature review of 434 PubMed search results revealed a total of eight relevant projects. On the basis of the selected EIP on AHA project data and non-systematic literature review, no commonalities with regard to defined process or outcome indicators could be identified through our approach. Conversely, the research produced a heterogeneous picture in all aspects of the projects’ indicators. Data from desk research and follow-up interviews partly lacked information on outcome and performance, which limited the comparison between practices.ConclusionApplying a comprehensive set of indicators in a multi-method approach to assess the projects included in this research study did not reveal any obvious commonalities which might serve as a blueprint for future IT-supported ICP projects. Instead, an unexpected high degree of heterogeneity was observed, that may reflect diverse local implementation requirements e.g. specificities of the local healthcare system, local regulations, or preexisting structures used for the project setup. Improving the definition of and reporting on project outcomes could help advance research on and implementation of effective integrated care solutions for chronic disease management across Europe.
The FARSEEING Taxonomy of Technologies presents a common language, which should now be adopted in the field of biomedical informatics. In developing the taxonomy as an online tool, it has become possible to continue to develop and modify the classification system to incorporate new technologies and interventions.
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