Technologies for integrated mm-Wave antennas

Brebels, S.; Enayati, Amin; Soens, Charlotte; Raedt, W. De; Perre, Liesbet Van der; Vandenbosch, Guy A. E.

doi:10.1109/eucap.2014.6901862

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…At mmWave, the connections to the antennas become extremely lossy since micro-strip lines behave as antennas, giving losses of several dB/cm at 60 GHz for different integration materials [14]. Matching of components is challenging [10].…”

Section: Dsp and Data Converters: Lean Processing Suits The Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Massive MIMO in Sub-6 GHz and mmWave: Physical, Practical, and Use-Case Differences

Björnson

Perre

Buzzi

et al. 2019

IEEE Wireless Commun.

220

126

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The use of base stations (BSs) and access points (APs) with a large number of antennas, called Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output), is a key technology for increasing the capacity of 5G networks and beyond. While originally conceived for conventional sub-6 GHz frequencies, Massive MIMO (mMIMO) is ideal also for frequency bands in the range 30-300 GHz, known as millimeter wave (mmWave). Despite conceptual similarities, the way in which mMIMO can be exploited in these bands is radically different, due to their specific propagation behaviors and hardware characteristics. This paper reviews these differences and their implications, while dispelling common misunderstandings. Building on this foundation, we suggest appropriate signal processing schemes and use cases to efficiently exploit mMIMO in both frequency bands. * E. Björnson is with Linköping University, lower frequencies, which is achieved by mMIMO. There are, however, fundamental differences between how mMIMO technology can be designed, implemented, and exploited in sub-6 GHz and mmWave bands. In this paper, we provide a comparative overview, highlighting three main differences:1. The propagation channels build on the same physics, but basic phenomena such as diffraction, attenuation, and Fresnel zones are substantially different.2. The hardware implementation architecture changes with the increasing carrier frequency. More antennas can be integrated into a given area, but the insertion losses, intrinsic power-overhead in radio-frequency (RF) generation, and amplification result in diminishing gains.3. The signal processing algorithms depend on propagation and hardware. Channel estimation is resource-demanding at sub-6 GHz, while beamforming is straightforward. Conversely, mmWave channel estimation and beamforming are theoretically simpler since there are fewer propagation paths, but become challenging if hybrid beamforming is used.In the remainder of this article, we elaborate on these differences, including that they manifest how sub-6 GHz and mmWave bands are to be exploited to target different use-cases in 5G and beyond. Difference I: The propagation channelAn understanding of the electromagnetic propagation is crucial when considering mMIMO systems and frequencies up to mmWave bands. The channels behave fundamentally different from what we are used to in cellular networks, which exposes weaknesses in the channel modeling simplifications conventionally made.

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Section: Dsp and Data Converters: Lean Processing Suits The Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Massive MIMO in Sub-6 GHz and mmWave: Physical, Practical, and Use-Case Differences

Björnson

Perre

Buzzi

et al. 2019

IEEE Wireless Commun.

220

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Investigation of influence of measurement conditions on accuracy of material characterization in sub-THz frequency range

Godziszewski

Yashchyshyn

2016

2016 21st International Conference on Microwave, Radar and Wireless Communications (MIKON)

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Ball Grid Array Module With Integrated Shaped Lens for 5G Backhaul/Fronthaul Communications in F-Band

Bisognin

Nachabe

Luxey

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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In this paper, we propose a ball grid array (BGA) module with integrated 3D-printed plastic lens and dedicated 120 GHz OOK transceiver for 5G Backhaul/Fronthaul applications. The problem to be addressed is the following: 5G future networks will need backhaul/fronthaul 10Gbps wireless links and it's mandatory to design cost-effective and energy efficient solutions. The proposed solution is made of 3D-printed plastic lens antenna and cheap 7×7×0.362 mm 3 BGA module integrating a 2×2 array of aperture-coupled patch antennas as the source of the lens. The measurement results of the full system confirm the expected performance of the plastic lens: a-10dB matching and a 28 dBi realized gain from 114 to 140 GHz. The active measurements allows a Tx/Rx link >12Gbps data transmission with <10-6 BER at nearly 5m. This link is realized with an energy-efficiency better than 1.6 pJ/b/s which is at least 40 times better than state-ofthe-art high-speed existing TRx's. Those promising results pave the way for future cost-effective and low consumption backhaul/fronthaul systems for 5G communications. What is the novelty of your work over the existing work (100 words)? So far, several wireless links at 120 GHz have been deployed by various authors with very high Gbps speed but at the expense of high DC consumption and bulky material which is in turn correspond to weak integration of the full-system. The novelty of our work lies in the fact that every communicating block has been optimized in conjunction with all the other nearby elements, strongly taking into account cost and integration capability. Therefore a Tx/Rx link >12Gbps data transmission with <10-6 BER at nearly 5m. This link is realized with an energy-efficiency better than 1.6 pJ/b/s which is at least 40 times better than state-of-the-art high-speed existing TRx's. Provide up to three references, published or under review, (journal papers, conference papers, technical reports, etc.) done by the authors/coauthors that are closest to the present work. Upload them as supporting documents if they are under review or not available in the public domain. Enter "N.A." if it is not applicable. [1] A.

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Technologies for integrated mm-Wave antennas

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Massive MIMO in Sub-6 GHz and mmWave: Physical, Practical, and Use-Case Differences

Massive MIMO in Sub-6 GHz and mmWave: Physical, Practical, and Use-Case Differences

Investigation of influence of measurement conditions on accuracy of material characterization in sub-THz frequency range

Ball Grid Array Module With Integrated Shaped Lens for 5G Backhaul/Fronthaul Communications in F-Band

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