Technological options for safe resource recovery from fecal sludge

Nikiema, Josiane; Cofie, Olufunke O.; Impraim, Robert

doi:10.5337/2014.228

“…The data used to analyze treatment costs were derived from an internal design report by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) (IWMI 2014a, 2014b) on the construction and operation of a FS treatment plant in India and Ghana. The indicators for Ghana were supplemented with data from Dodane et al (2012) and Nikiema et al (2014). Although different technologies are available for the treatment of FS, the financial assessment assumed that unplanted sludge drying beds were used.…”

Section: Treatment For Disposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although different technologies are available for the treatment of FS, the financial assessment assumed that unplanted sludge drying beds were used. Unplanted sludge drying beds are multi-layered (sand and gravel) filters with an under-drain at the bottom that collects leachate (Nikiema et al 2014). The financial assessment made this assumption for the following reasons:…”

Section: Treatment For Disposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reuse value proposition offered by the FS-based co-composting model, compared to any normal composting of organic MSW, is to produce a nutrient-rich product. The co-compost can be further valorized by further enriching it with natural (e.g., rock phosphate) or industrial fertilizer, and/or selling it in a pelletized form for ease of handling and transport (Nikiema et al 2014). The co-composting business model can offer an additional value proposition of providing energy by generating biogas from organic waste, and the slurry from the bioreactor along with digested solids can be used to make compost.…”

Section: Co-composting Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Business models for fecal sludge management.

Rao¹,

Kvarnström²,

Mario³

et al. 2016

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Resource Recovery and Reuse (RRR) is a subprogram of the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) dedicated to applied research on the safe recovery of water, nutrients and energy from domestic and agroindustrial waste streams. This subprogram aims to create impact through different lines of action research, including (i) developing and testing scalable RRR business models, (ii) assessing and mitigating risks from RRR for public health and the environment, (iii) supporting public and private entities with innovative approaches for the safe reuse of wastewater and organic waste, and (iv) Science with a human face IN PARTNERSHIP WITH: improving rural-urban linkages and resource allocations while minimizing the negative urban footprint on the peri-urban environment. This subprogram works closely with the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), United Nations University (UNU), and many national and international partners across the globe. The RRR series of documents present summaries and reviews of the subprogram's research and resulting application guidelines, targeting development experts and others in the research for development continuum.

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“…This technology has been used to enrich the co-compost even more by adding mineral fertilizer or other beneficial additives [9]. However, uncertainty exist regarding its effect on soil properties and plant growth as well as cost-benefit properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Fecal Sludge and Municipal Solid Waste Co-Compost on Crop Growth of Raphanus Sativus L. and Capsicum Anuum L. under Stress Conditions

Grau

¹

,

Drechsel

²

,

Haering

³

et al. 2017

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Co-composted dewatered faecal sludge (FS) with organic fractions of municipal solid waste (MSW) has a high potential to be used as an agricultural resource in Sri Lanka. In addition to options for cost recovery in waste management, closing the nutrient and carbon cycles between urban and rural areas, substitution of mineral fertilizers, reduced pollution. and the restoration of degraded arable land are possible with important benefits. Up to now little is known about the usage of FS-MSW as fertilizer and it needs to be studied in order to achieve a better understanding and generate application recommendations. The aim of these experiments has been to evaluate the possibility of substituting mineral fertilization. Two field experiments were conducted on sandy loam to assess the effects of MSW compost and FS-MSW co-compost, its pelletized forms, and mineral-enriched FS-MSW on crop growth. As a short-term crop Raphanus sativus "Beeralu rabu" (radish) was studied for 50 days in a randomized complete block design (RCDB). Results show that, under drought conditions, FS-MSW co-compost increased the yield significantly, while MSW and FS-MSW compost enabled the highest survival rate of the plants. Similarly, the second field trial with a long-term crop, Capsicum anuum "CA-8" (capsicum), was planted as RCBD, using the same treatments, for a cultivation period of 120 days. Results display that during a drought followed by water saturated soil conditions co-compost treatments achieved comparable yields and increased the survival rate significantly compared to the control, fertilized with urea, triple super phosphate, and muriate of potash. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) revealed that pelletizing decreased the monetary benefits if only fertilizer value is considered. It can be concluded that, under drought and water stress, co-compost ensures comparable yields and enables more resistance, but might not be economical viable as a one-crop fertilizer. These findings need to be validated with further trials under different climate regimes and soils.

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“…This type of FS contains more than 3% of TS. It is yellowish or brown when it is less than a year old (Nikiema et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training manual for fecal sludge-based compost production and application

Nikiema¹,

Impraim²,

Cofie³

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Resource Recovery and Reuse (RRR) is a subprogram of the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) dedicated to applied research on the safe recovery of water, nutrients and energy from domestic and agro-industrial waste streams. This subprogram aims to create impact through different lines of action research, including (i) developing and testing scalable RRR business models, (ii) assessing and mitigating risks from RRR for public health and the environment, (iii) supporting public and private entities with innovative approaches for the safe reuse of wastewater and organic waste, and (iv) improving rural-urban linkages and resource allocations while minimizing the negative urban footprint on the peri-urban environment. This subprogram works closely with the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), United Nations University (UNU), and many national and international partners across the globe. The RRR series of documents present summaries and reviews of the subprogram's research and resulting application guidelines, targeting development experts and others in the research The authors Dr. Josiane Nikiema is a senior researcher at the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and is based in Accra, Ghana. She has a PhD in chemical engineering from the Université de Sherbrooke, Canada. Her fields of expertise include domestic wastewater treatment and reuse, recovery of nutrients and organic matter from fecal sludge and organic solid waste, and testing business models for safe resource recovery and reuse. Dr. Olufunke O. Cofie is a principal researcher with a background in soil science. She heads IWMI's West Africa office in Accra, Ghana, and has worked over the past 15 years on the interface of sanitation and agriculture. Mr. Robert Impraim has an MSc in crop science and was a research officer for recycling and reuse at IWMI's Ghana office. He is currently a PhD student at the University of Melbourne, Australia. Mr. Eric G. Nartey has an MSc in environmental science. He is a research officer for recycling and reuse at IWMI's Ghana office. Mrs. Nilanthi Jayathilake has an MSc in environmental engineering and management. She is a research officer for septage management and reuse at IWMI headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

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Technological options for safe resource recovery from fecal sludge

Abstract: Externally Peer Reviewe

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

Business models for fecal sludge management.

Business models for fecal sludge management.

Impact of Fecal Sludge and Municipal Solid Waste Co-Compost on Crop Growth of Raphanus Sativus L. and Capsicum Anuum L. under Stress Conditions

Training manual for fecal sludge-based compost production and application

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