Technological Method of Using Functional Materials in a Heat-Protective Clothing Package

Abstract

Special protective clothing is used to protect people in critically low temperatures. It exposed not only by temperature, but also by the effects of wind and the movements of the person. These aerodynamic and mechanical influences compress certain areas that return to their original position only after a certain period of time. However, during this interval the thermal resistance of the compressed part of the clothing decreases. In order to avoid such a situation, material packages have been developed to increase their elasticity. This article proposes a new material package design using a thermo-elastic element which, when the temperature changes to the required temperature, changes its shape. The article proposes the placement of the thermoelastic element, as well as a technique in which the thermoelastic element acquires the property of memorizing its shape at a certain temperature. Titanium nickelide alloy NiTi (nitinol) is used as a thermoelastic element. According to the method proposed in the article, this alloy remembers the shape at a temperature of +20°C (straight) and-18°C (bending). Thus, when the nitinol wire responses at negative temperature, the bend is manifested and the wire lifts the fabric of the top, thereby increasing the volume of the material package, which allows the insulation to occupy a larger volume increasing the thermal resistance of the package.